在 bash 中使用正则表达式复制和重命名多个文件
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Copy and Rename Multiple Files with Regular Expressions in bash
提问by jlconlin
I've got a file structure that looks like:
我有一个看起来像这样的文件结构：
A/
2098765.1ext
2098765.2ext
2098765.3ext
2098765.4ext
12345.1ext
12345.2ext
12345.3ext
12345.4ext
B/
2056789.1ext
2056789.2ext
2056789.3ext
2056789.4ext
54321.1ext
54321.2ext
54321.3ext
54321.4ext
I need to rename all the files that begin with 20to start with 10; i.e., I need to rename B/2022222.1extto B/1022222.1ext
我需要重命名20以开头的所有文件10；即，我需要重命名B/2022222.1ext为B/1022222.1ext
I've seen many of the other questions regarding renaming multiple files, but couldn't seem to make it work for my case. Just to see if I can figure out what I'm doing before I actually try to do the copy/renaming I've done:
我已经看到许多有关重命名多个文件的其他问题，但似乎无法使其适用于我的情况。只是想看看我是否能在我实际尝试进行复制/重命名之前弄清楚我在做什么：
for file in "*/20?????.*"; do
echo "{$file/20/10}";
done
but all I get is
但我得到的只是
{*/20?????.*/20/10}
Can someone show me how to do this?
有人可以告诉我如何做到这一点吗？
回答by Explosion Pills
You just have a little bit of incorrect syntax is all:
你只是有一点不正确的语法：
for file in */20?????.*; do mv $file ${file/20/10}; done
- Remove quotes from the argument to
in. Otherwise, the filename expansion does not occur. - The
$in the substitution should go beforethe bracket
- 从参数中删除引号到
in. 否则，不会发生文件名扩展。 - 将
$在替代应该去前支架
回答by Hai Vu
Here is a solution which use the findcommand:
这是使用该find命令的解决方案：
find . -name '20*' | while read oldname; do echo mv "$oldname" "${oldname/20/10}"; done
This command does not actually do your bidding, it only prints out what should be done. Review the output and if you are happy, remove the echocommand and run it for real.
此命令实际上并不执行您的出价，它仅打印出应该执行的操作。查看输出，如果您满意，请删除该echo命令并真正运行它。
回答by Virgil Ming
Just wanna add to Explosion Pill's answer. On OS X though, you must say
只是想添加到爆炸丸的答案中。不过在 OS X 上，你必须说
mv "${file}" "${file_expression}"
Or the mvcommand does not recognize it.
或者mv命令无法识别它。
回答by Gilles Quenot
Brace expansions like :
支撑扩展如：
{*/20?????.*/20/10}
can't be surrounded by quotes.
不能被引号包围。
Instead, try doing (with Perl rename) :
相反，尝试做（使用 Perl rename）：
rename 's/^10/^20/' */*.ext
You can do this using the Perl tool renamefrom the shellprompt. (There are other tools with the same name which may or may not be able to do this, so be careful.)
您可以rename在shell提示符下使用 Perl 工具执行此操作。（还有其他同名的工具可能会也可能不会这样做，所以要小心。）
If you want to do a dry run to make sure you don't clobber any files, add the -nswitch to the command.
如果要进行试运行以确保不会破坏任何文件，请将-n开关添加到命令中。
note
笔记
If you run the following command (linux)
如果您运行以下命令 ( linux)
$ file $(readlink -f $(type -p rename))
and you have a result like
你有这样的结果
.../rename: Perl script, ASCII text executable
then this seems to be the right tool =)
那么这似乎是正确的工具 =)
This seems to be the default renamecommand on Ubuntu.
这似乎是默认rename的命令Ubuntu。
To make it the default on Debianand derivative like Ubuntu:
要使其成为默认值Debian和衍生物，例如Ubuntu：
sudo update-alternatives --set rename /path/to/rename
回答by William Pursell
The glob behavior of *is suppressed in double quotes. Try:
的 glob 行为*在双引号中被抑制。尝试：
for file in */20?????.*; do
echo "${file/20/10}";
done
