Python:初始化多维列表
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Python: initialize multi-dimensional list
提问by fdmillion
I want to initialize a multidimensional list. Basically, I want a 10x10 grid - a list of 10 lists each containing 10 items.
我想初始化一个多维列表。基本上,我想要一个 10x10 的网格 - 一个包含 10 个列表的列表,每个列表包含 10 个项目。
Each list value should be initialized to the integer 0.
每个列表值都应初始化为整数 0。
The obvious way to do this in a one-liner: myList = [[0]*10]*10
won't work because it produces a list of 10 references to one list, so changing an item in any row changes it in all rows.
在单行中执行此操作的显而易见的方法是:myList = [[0]*10]*10
不起作用,因为它会生成对一个列表的 10 个引用的列表,因此更改任何行中的项目会更改所有行中的项目。
The documentation I've seen talks about using [:]
to copy a list, but that still won't work when using the multiplier: myList = [0]*10; myList = myList[:]*10
has the same effect as myList = [[0]*10]*10
.
我看过的文档谈到使用[:]
复制列表,但在使用乘数时仍然不起作用:myList = [0]*10; myList = myList[:]*10
与myList = [[0]*10]*10
.
Short of creating a loop of myList.append()
s, is there a quick efficient way to initialize a list in this way?
myList.append()
除了创建s循环之外,是否有一种快速有效的方法来以这种方式初始化列表?
采纳答案by cheeyos
You can do it quite efficiently with a list comprehension:
您可以使用列表理解非常有效地做到这一点:
a = [[0] * number_cols for i in range(number_rows)]
回答by llb
This is a job for...the nested list comprehension!
这是...嵌套列表理解的工作!
[[0 for i in range(10)] for j in range(10)]
回答by Ali Afshar
回答by jengel
Just thought I'd add an answer because the question asked for the general n-dimensional case and I don't think that was answered yet. You can do this recursively for any number of dimensions with the following example:
只是想我会添加一个答案,因为这个问题要求一般的 n 维情况,我认为还没有回答。您可以使用以下示例对任意数量的维度递归执行此操作:
n_dims = [3, 4, 5]
empty_list = 0
for n in n_dims:
empty_list = [empty_list] * n
>>>empty_list
>>>[[[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]],
[[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]],
[[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]],
[[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]],
[[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]]]
回答by Matt Eding
An additional solution is to use NumPy library:
另一个解决方案是使用 NumPy 库:
import numpy as np
zero_array = np.zeros((10, 10), dtype='int')
This can be easily converted to a regular python list with the .tolist()
method if necessary.
.tolist()
如有必要,可以使用该方法轻松地将其转换为常规的 Python 列表。
回答by 0xAliHn
Two common and short way to do this:
执行此操作的两种常见且简短的方法:
First:
第一的:
[[0] * n] * m
Second:
第二:
[[0 for column in range(n)] for row in range(m)]