bash 如何在 Windows 10 中创建 .gitignore 文件

How to create a .gitignore file in Windows 10

提问by Rockstar5645

I tried to create a .gitignore file in my repository's root directory with the command

我尝试使用以下命令在我的存储库的根目录中创建一个 .gitignore 文件

$ touch .gitginore

in Git Bash.

在 Git Bash 中。

But when I looked at the file from the Windows Explorer. It says it's a text document. Isn't it supposed to be of the type File?

但是当我从 Windows 资源管理器查看文件时。它说这是一个文本文件。不应该是那种类型File吗？

回答by Youkool

touch .gitignoreworks just fine. Windows detects it as a text file but git should works perfectly.

touch .gitignore工作得很好。Windows 将其检测为文本文件，但 git 应该可以正常工作。

To be sure of it, you can type ls -laand you should see all your files with their extensions, including .gitignorejust like in the following picture:

为了确保这一点，您可以输入ls -la，您应该会看到所有带有扩展名的文件，包括.gitignore如下图所示：

回答by Ben

but when I looked at the file from the windows explorer. It says it's a text document. Isn't it supposed to be of the type File

但是当我从 Windows 资源管理器中查看文件时。它说这是一个文本文件。它不应该是文件类型吗

Windows says your README is of type Filebecause it has no extension. In contrast, your .gitignore file has the extension .gitignorewhich Windows has been configured to report (probably by the git-for-windows installer) the type Text Document.

Windows 说您的自述文件属于类型，File因为它没有扩展名。相比之下，您的 .gitignore 文件具有.gitignoreWindows 已配置为报告（可能由 git-for-windows 安装程序）类型的扩展名Text Document。

回答by a.t.

Since the question does not specify any required tools, this contains a solution if you want to create a .gitignorefile using command promptor Windows Explorer.

由于该问题未指定任何必需的工具，因此如果您想.gitignore使用command prompt或来创建文件，则该问题包含一个解决方案Windows Explorer。

Command Prompt:

命令提示符：

In case one receives the following error message on a Windows 10 system in command prompt because touchis a command of git bash:

如果在 Windows 10 系统上的命令提示符下收到以下错误消息，因为touch是 git bash 的命令：

'touch' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file.

'touch' 不是内部或外部命令，也不是可运行的程序或批处理文件。

You can either use the following command in command prompt (cmd):

您可以在命令提示符 (cmd) 中使用以下命令：

echo. > .gitignore

or

或者

type nul > .gitignore

as indicated here: Windows equivalent of 'touch' (i.e. the node.js way to create an index.html). This procedure will not generate a Text Documentas indicated in the problem statement, but a file that appears to not have any extension.

如此处所示：Windows 等效于“触摸”（即创建 index.html 的 node.js 方式）。此过程不会生成Text Document问题陈述中所指示的文件，而是生成一个似乎没有任何扩展名的文件。

Windows Explorer:

Windows资源管理器：

If you try to do it in Windows 10 Explorer by clicking right mouse button(RMB)>New>Text Documentand you try to name it .gitignoreyou can receive the following error:

如果您尝试在 Windows 10 资源管理器中通过单击鼠标右键 (RMB)>New> 来执行此操作Text Document并尝试为其命名，.gitignore您可能会收到以下错误：

You must type a file name.

您必须键入文件名。

This can be overcome by giving it the filename .gitignore.. So if your git repository folder contains a folder named outputwhich you want to suppress/not sync, you can add it to the .gitignoreby editing the .gitignore.file with a text editor and adding a line that contains /output. This last procedure generates a file which is also a .txtdocument as indicated in the problem statement, but as mentioned by @hobbs and @Youkool that is not a problem for git. Furthermore, the last procedure is verified in Windows 10 with git version 2.16.1.windows.4.

这可以通过给它文件名来克服.gitignore.。因此，如果您的 git 存储库文件夹包含一个output您想要禁止/不同步的文件夹，您可以.gitignore通过.gitignore.使用文本编辑器编辑文件并添加一行包含/output. 最后一个过程会生成一个文件，该文件也是.txt问题陈述中指示的文档，但正如@hobbs 和@Youkool 所提到的，这对 git 来说不是问题。此外，最后一个过程在 Windows 10 中通过git version 2.16.1.windows.4.

回答by Raju Athokpam

Please refer to How do I manually create a file with a . (dot) prefix in Windows? For example, .htaccess.

请参阅如何手动创建带有 . Windows 中的（点）前缀？例如， .htaccess。

Reproducing for your easy access: In File Explorer, right click anywhere and create a new file. Type the new filename as .something.(notice the appended period) and press Entertwice, job done.

复制以方便访问：在文件资源管理器中，右键单击任意位置并创建一个新文件。键入新文件名.something.（注意附加的句点）并按Enter两次，工作完成。