bash 脚本，读取文件的每一行并存储到不同的变量（但未找到命令的消息）
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bash script that reads each line of a file and stores to different variables (but got command not found message)
提问by pohe
Thanks for your help in advance. I'm writing a simple bash script, which just read each line of a file, and then store each line into a different variable. For example, I'd like the script to perform the following commands:
提前感谢您的帮助。我正在编写一个简单的 bash 脚本，它只是读取文件的每一行，然后将每一行存储到不同的变量中。例如，我希望脚本执行以下命令：
d1=AER
d2=BHR
d3=CEF
...
Therefore, I have a text file that has 10 lines, and each line is the content of the variables I'd like to store (e.g., AER), and I have the following test.sh script:
因此，我有一个有 10 行的文本文件，每一行都是我想要存储的变量的内容（例如，AER），我有以下 test.sh 脚本：
#!/bin/bash
for i in {1..10..1}
do
$(d$i=$(sed -n ${i}p $HOME/textfile.txt))
done
However,when executing the script, it gave me
但是，在执行脚本时，它给了我
./test.sh: line 4: d1=AER: command not found
./test.sh: line 4: d2=BHR: command not found
./test.sh: line 4: d3=CEF: command not found
...
,instead of storing the characters into corresponding variables. Could somebody please identify where I did it wrong? Thank you so much!
, 而不是将字符存储到相应的变量中。有人可以指出我哪里做错了吗？非常感谢！
回答by Jake
The problem with your script is that if you need to interpolate a variable on the first line, bash thinks its the name of a program and tries to execute it. You can eval it, to make the variable:
您的脚本的问题在于，如果您需要在第一行插入一个变量，bash 会认为它是程序的名称并尝试执行它。你可以评估它，使变量：
eval "d$i=$(sed ...)"
but its much simpler to use the read bash built-in, since it takes line input to a specified variable. Here's one way to do it:
但是使用内置的 read bash 简单得多，因为它需要对指定变量的行输入。这是一种方法：
for ((i=1;; i++)); do
read "d$i" || break;
done < textfile.txt
echo "$d1"
echo "$d2"
回答by Ignacio Vazquez-Abrams
Use an array, but the right way.
使用数组，但方法正确。
read -a d -d '\n' < textfile.txt
echo "${d[1]}"
回答by twalberg
As an alternative to the array solution, you can use eval.
作为阵列解决方案的替代方案，您可以使用eval.
((lnum=1))
exec 3< ${filetoread}
while read -u3 line
do
eval `echo d${lnum}=\"${line}\"`
((lnum=1+${lnum}))
done
exec 3<&-
