Mysql 创建数据库名称中带有特殊字符
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Mysql Create Database with special characters in the name
提问by MySQL DBA
I want to create a database which name will have special characters in it. for example, (., - , _, @, #, $, %, &, *)
我想创建一个名称将包含特殊字符的数据库。例如， (., - , _, @, #, $, %, &, *)
can anyone provide any output on this?
任何人都可以提供任何输出吗？
回答by Andre Miller
I would strongly recommend that you do not create databases with such names. But if you absolutely must, here are the restrictions:
我强烈建议您不要使用此类名称创建数据库。但如果你绝对必须，这里是限制：
- No identifier can contain ASCII NUL (0x00) or a byte with a value of 255.
- Database, table, and column names should not end with space characters.
- Database and table names cannot contain “/”, “\”, “.”, or characters that are not allowed in file names.
- 任何标识符都不能包含 ASCII NUL (0x00) 或值为 255 的字节。
- 数据库、表和列名称不应以空格字符结尾。
- 数据库和表名不能包含“/”、“\”、“.”或文件名中不允许的字符。
To create a database, you can do the following:
要创建数据库，您可以执行以下操作：
mysql> create database `really@strange*database$name`;
回答by soulmerge
Simple: Don't.
很简单：不要。
You canescape exotic table names using the backtick in mysql, but I don't know if you can use anythinginside the backticks. It will give great amounts of pain during the rest of your software life cycle.
您可以使用 mysql 中的反引号转义外来表名，但我不知道您是否可以在反引号内使用任何内容。在你的软件生命周期的其余部分，它会给你带来很大的痛苦。
I would rather recommend creating another table to hold that exotic names.
我宁愿建议创建另一个表来保存那些异国情调的名字。
-- Example:
CREATE TABLE _DatabaseMetadata (
databaseName VARCHAR(255),
exoticName VARCHAR(255)
) DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
回答by kriplozoik
Short answer:
简短的回答：
- Don't. I strongly recommend to keep all identifiers consisting of A-Z,a-z,0-9 and _ characters. You can store Your "exotic" name in a column or comment.
- 别。我强烈建议保留由 AZ、az、0-9 和 _ 字符组成的所有标识符。您可以将您的“异国情调”名称存储在列或评论中。
Long answer:
长答案：
- You can name your columns, tables, keys, foreign keys, views, even databases using exotic characters but chances are You're gonna regret it in the future.
- If You insist in doing that, You gonna need quoting Your identifiers in backticks (`).
- In case Your identifier has to contain another ` inside, You can escape it stating it twice (e.g. exotic`name --> `exotic``name`)
- For the things not to be so simple, if You use exotic (or even non-conventional) characters in the name of Your database (including a simple space), those characters (to my knowledge, everything except a-z,A-Z,0-9 and _) get escaped into 4-digit hexadecimal quadruplets escaped by @, e.g. `my database` becomes my@0020database. This form is used as a name of a directories/files in which Your databases/tables are stored, and e.g. items in information_schema.INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN, moreover may very well be OS-dependent (meaning, theoretically, You might want to run
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'version_compile_os'to adapt to it). You see - with exotic names it all gets much, much more complicated and in the end it's not really worth it.
- 您可以使用外来字符命名您的列、表、键、外键、视图，甚至数据库，但您将来可能会后悔。
- 如果您坚持这样做，您将需要在反引号 (`) 中引用您的标识符。
- 如果你的标识符必须包含另一个`，你可以将它转义两次（例如exotic`name --> `exotic`name`）
- 对于事情不那么简单，如果您在数据库名称中使用异国（甚至非常规）字符（包括一个简单的空格），这些字符（据我所知，除了 az,AZ,0-9 之外的所有字符和 _) 转义为由@ 转义的 4 位十六进制四元组，例如，`my database` 变为 my@0020database。这种形式用作存储您的数据库/表的目录/文件的名称，例如 information_schema.INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN 中的项目，而且很可能依赖于操作系统（这意味着，理论上，您可能希望运行
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'version_compile_os'以适应它）。你看 - 有了异国情调的名字，一切都会变得更加复杂，最终它并不值得。
