java 在 spring 中使用 Mockito 注释
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Using Mockito annotations with spring
提问by rahul
I am using spring in my application and I want to write unit tests for all my classes. I call few external webservices from my application and i want to mock them using Mockito since I just want to test my functionality.
我在我的应用程序中使用 spring，我想为我的所有类编写单元测试。我从我的应用程序中调用了几个外部网络服务，我想使用 Mockito 来模拟它们，因为我只想测试我的功能。
Lets say I have the following scenario
假设我有以下场景
This is my webservice interface
这是我的网络服务界面
public interface MyWebService {
public String getSomeData(int id);
}
I use the above service this way
我以这种方式使用上述服务
public interface MyService {
int doSomethingElse(String str);
}
public class MyServiceImpl implements MyService {
private MyWebService myWebService;
int doSomethingElse(String str) {
.....
myWebService.getSomeData(id);
...
}
}
public interface MyService1 {
Stirng methodToBeTested();
}
public class Class1 implements MyService1{
@Resource
private MyService myService;
public Stirng methodToBeTested() {
myService.doSomethingElse("..");
}
}
I wrote the uint test case as below. I am spying MyService here so as to run the unit test.
我编写了 uint 测试用例，如下所示。我在这里监视 MyService 以便运行单元测试。
public class class1Test {
@Spy
MyService myService;
@Resource
@InjectMocks
Class1 class1;
public void setUPTest() {
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
Mockito.doReturn(123).when(myService).doSomethingElse("someString");
}
@Test
public void methodToBeTestedTest() {
this.setUPTest();
...
class1.methodToBeTested();
}
}
When I run the test, what I see is that, I get the value from the webservice insted of what i mention while stubbing.
当我运行测试时，我看到的是，我从网络服务中获得了我在存根时提到的内容的价值。
Can anyone help me with this?
谁能帮我这个？
采纳答案by rahul
I solved this by using spring java config. I extended my default config file in my test config file.
我通过使用 spring java config 解决了这个问题。我在我的测试配置文件中扩展了我的默认配置文件。
@Configuration
public class TestConfig extends DefaultConfig {
@Bean
public MyService myService() {
return Mockito.spy(new MyServiceImpl());
}
}
Now my test class goes like this
现在我的测试课是这样的
public class class1Test {
@Resource
MyService myService;
@Resource
Class1 class1;
public void setUPTest() {
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
Mockito.doReturn(123).when(myService).doSomethingElse("someString");
}
@Test
public void methodToBeTestedTest() {
this.setUPTest();
...
class1.methodToBeTested();
}
}
回答by Michail Nikolaev
To replace your Bean with mock in some test use Springockitoor better Springockito-annotations.
要在某些测试中用模拟替换 Bean，请使用Springockito或更好的Springockito-annotations。
Something like this should work:
这样的事情应该工作：
@ContextConfiguration(loader = SpringockitoContextLoader.class,
locations = "classpath:/context.xml")
public class SpringockitoAnnotationsMocksIntegrationTest extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests {
@WrapWithSpy
private MyService innerBean;
@Resource
Class1 class1;
public void setUPTest() {
Mockito.doReturn(123).when(myService).doSomethingElse("someString");
}
@Test
public void methodToBeTestedTest() {
this.setUPTest();
...
class1.methodToBeTested();
}
}
}
回答by Anders R. Bystrup
A @Spyis used to spy on what happens when calling services (and useful to eg. assert the presence or absence of transitive method invocations), what you want is the @Mockannotation:
A@Spy用于监视调用服务时发生的情况（并且有助于例如断言传递方法调用的存在或不存在），您想要的是@Mock注释：
public class class1Test {
@Mock MyService myService;
...
This will result in all myServicemethods returning null, bar those you override with doReturn/when.
这将导致所有myService方法返回 null，禁止使用doReturn/覆盖的方法when。
Incidentally, rather than calling setUpTest()from your test methods, you should annotate it with @Before.
顺便说一句，与其setUpTest()从测试方法中调用，不如用@Before.
Cheers,
干杯，
回答by OceanLife
Do you mean anyString()rather than "someString" in your setUpmethod? This can also be eq("someString")if you are calling your method with a specific string.
你的意思是anyString()而不是你的setUp方法中的“someString” ？eq("someString")如果您使用特定字符串调用您的方法，也可能是这种情况。
From my understanding of Mockito I don't use spys since they probably indicate a class design issue. Why don't you @Mockthe whole of MyService, so;
根据我对 Mockito 的理解，我不使用间谍，因为它们可能表明存在类设计问题。你为什么不@Mock整个MyService，所以;
@Mock MyService myService;
public void setUpTest() {
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
when(myService.doSomethingElse(anyString)).thenReturn(123);
}
回答by Sajan Chandran
Modified,
修改的，
public class class1Test {
@Mock
private MyService myService;
private Class1 class1;
@Before
public void onceBeforeEachTest() {
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
this.class1 = new Class1(myService);
Mockito.when(myService).doSomethingElse(anyString()).thenReturn(123);
}
@Test
public void methodToBeTestedTest() {
class1.methodToBeTested();
}
}
回答by Sajan Chandran
This should suits your need:
这应该适合您的需要：
@RunWith(MockitoJunitRunner.class)
public class class1Test {
@Mock
private MyService myService;
private Class1 class1;
@Before
public void setUp() {
this.class1 = new Class1(myService); // creates this constructor.
}
@Test
public void methodToBeTestedTest() {
this.class1.methodToBeTested();
Mockito.verify(this.myService).doSomethingElse(/* put expected arg here */);
}
}
See also the official doc.
另请参阅官方文档。
