如何链接 home brew python 版本并将其设置为默认值
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How to link home brew python version and set it as default
提问by add-semi-colons
I just switched from MacPorts to HomeBrew. After installing all the required XCode versions and other software I tried installing python using homebrew: I think it successfully installed, but when I do which pythonit still shows me 2.7.3 which I think is the version shipped with Mountain Lion.
我刚刚从 MacPorts 切换到 HomeBrew。在安装了所有必需的 XCode 版本和其他软件后，我尝试使用自制软件安装 python：我认为它已成功安装，但是当我这样做时，which python它仍然显示 2.7.3，我认为这是 Mountain Lion 附带的版本。
which python
/usr/local/bin/python
python --version
Python 2.7.3
so I tried to install again
所以我尝试再次安装
brew install python --framework --universal
Warning: python-2.7.5 already installed, it's just not linked
But it says python 2.7.5 already install and not linked, I tried to do brew link python
但是它说python 2.7.5已经安装并且没有链接，我试着做 brew link python
That led me to following message so, I have no idea what I should be doing:
这导致我遵循消息，所以我不知道我应该做什么：
Linking /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.5... Warning: Could not link python. Unlinking...
正在链接 /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.5... 警告：无法链接 python。正在取消关联...
Error: Could not symlink file: /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.5/bin/smtpd2.py
Target /usr/local/bin/smtpd2.py already exists. You may need to delete it.
To force the link and overwrite all other conflicting files, do:
brew link --overwrite formula_name
To list all files that would be deleted:
brew link --overwrite --dry-run formula_name
回答by Vikram Dutt
This answer is for upgrading Python 2.7.10 to Python 2.7.11 on Mac OS X El Capitan . On Terminal type:
此答案用于在 Mac OS X El Capitan 上将 Python 2.7.10 升级到 Python 2.7.11。在终端类型上：
brew unlink python
After that type on Terminal
在终端上键入之后
brew install python
回答by Hercules
In the Terminal, type:
在终端中，输入：
brew link python
回答by Rolf Schulze
If you used
如果你使用
brew install python
before 'unlink' you got
在“取消链接”之前你得到
brew info python
/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.11
python -V
Python 2.7.10
so do
也是
brew unlink python && brew link python
and open a new terminal shell
并打开一个新的终端外壳
python -V
Python 2.7.11
回答by slapash
I think you have to be precise with which version you want to link with the command brew link pythonlike:
我认为您必须准确地使用要与以下命令链接的版本brew link python：
brew link python 3
It will give you an error like that:
它会给你一个这样的错误：
Linking /usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.2... Error: Could not symlink bin/2to3-3.5 Target /usr/local/bin/2to3-3.5 already exists.
Linking /usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.2... Error: Could not symlink bin/2to3-3.5 Target /usr/local/bin/2to3-3.5 already exists.
You may want to remove it:
您可能想要删除它：
rm '/usr/local/bin/2to3-3.5'
To force the link and overwrite all conflicting files:
要强制链接并覆盖所有冲突文件：
brew link --overwrite python3
To list all files that would be deleted:
列出所有将被删除的文件：
brew link --overwrite --dry-run python3
but you have to copy/paste the command to force the link which is:
但您必须复制/粘贴命令以强制链接：
brew link --overwrite python3
I think that you must have the version (the newer) installed.
我认为您必须安装该版本（较新的）。
回答by Eric Guo
brew switch to python3 by default, so if you want to still set python2 as default bin python, running:
brew 默认切换到 python3，所以如果你仍然想将 python2 设置为默认 bin python，运行：
brew unlink python && brew link python2 --force
回答by lenooh
After installing python3 with brew install python3I was getting the error:
安装 python3 后，brew install python3我收到错误：
Error: An unexpected error occurred during the `brew link` step
The formula built, but is not symlinked into /usr/local
Permission denied @ dir_s_mkdir - /usr/local/Frameworks
Error: Permission denied @ dir_s_mkdir - /usr/local/Frameworks
After typing brew link python3the error was:
输入后brew link python3报错是：
Linking /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.6.4_3... Error: Permission denied @ dir_s_mkdir - /usr/local/Frameworks
To solve the problem:
解决问题：
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/Frameworks
sudo chown -R $(whoami) /usr/local/*
brew link python3
After this, I could open python3 by typing python3
在此之后，我可以通过键入打开 python3 python3
(From https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/issues/20985)
回答by Chaim Eliyah
On OS X High Sierra, I had to do this:
在 OS X High Sierra 上，我必须这样做：
sudo install -d -o $(whoami) -g admin /usr/local/Frameworks
brew uninstall --ignore-dependencies python
brew install python
python --version # should work, returns 2.7, which is a Python thing (it's weird, but ok)
credit to https://gist.github.com/irazasyed/7732946#gistcomment-2235469
归功于https://gist.github.com/irazasyed/7732946#gistcomment-2235469
I think it's better than recursively chowning the /usr/local dir, but that may solve other problems ;)
我认为这比递归 chowning /usr/local 目录要好，但这可能会解决其他问题；)
回答by user7842596
I use these commands to solve it.
我使用这些命令来解决它。
mkdir /usr/local/lib
mkdir /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
brew link python
回答by Yolanda
The problem with me is that I have so many different versions of python, so it opens up a different python3.7 even after I did brew link. I did the following additional steps to make it default after linking
我的问题是我有很多不同版本的 python，所以即使在我做了 brew link 之后它也会打开一个不同的 python3.7。我做了以下额外的步骤，使其默认联后
First, open up the document setting up the path of python
首先打开设置python路径的文档
nano ~/.bash_profile
Then something like this shows up:
然后出现这样的事情：
# Setting PATH for Python 3.7
# The original version is saved in .bash_profile.pysave
PATH="/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/bin:${PATH}"
export PATH
# Setting PATH for Python 3.6
# The original version is saved in .bash_profile.pysave
PATH="/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/bin:${PATH}"
export PATH
The thing here is that my Python for brew framework is not in the LibraryFolder!! So I changed the framework for python 3.7, which looks like follows in my system
这里的问题是我的用于 brew 框架的 Python 不在库文件夹中！！所以我改变了python 3.7的框架，在我的系统中看起来如下
# Setting PATH for Python 3.7
# The original version is saved in .bash_profile.pysave
PATH="/usr/local/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/bin:${PATH}"
export PATH
Change and save the file. Restartthe computer, and typing in python3.7, I get the python I installed for brew.
更改并保存文件。重新启动计算机，然后输入python3.7，我得到了我为 brew 安装的 python。
Not sure if my case is applicable to everyone, but worth a try. Not sure if the framework path is the same for everyone, please made sure before trying out.
不确定我的情况是否适用于所有人，但值得一试。不确定每个人的框架路径是否相同，请在尝试前确定。
回答by Ankit Kumar Rajpoot
You can follow these steps.
您可以按照以下步骤操作。
$ python3 --version
$ brew unlink python@2
$ brew link python3
$ python3 --version
