git 如何仅获取一个分支的提交历史？

How to get commit history for just one branch?

提问by Marplesoft

Let's say I created a new branch my_experimentfrom masterand made several commits to my_experiment. If I do a git logwhen on my_experiment, I see the commits made to this branch, but also the commits made to masterbefore the my_experimentsbranch was created.

比方说，我创建了一个新的分支my_experiment从 master并提出了一些对提交my_experiment。如果我执行git logwhen on my_experiment，我会看到对该分支所做的提交，以及master在该my_experiments分支创建之前所做的提交。

I would find it very useful to see the history of all commits to the my_experimentsbranch until it hits the creation of that branch - effectively a true history of just that branch. Otherwise it's not clear to me when looking through the log whether the commits were on the my_experimentsbranch or not.

我会发现查看对my_experiments分支的所有提交的历史记录非常有用，直到它创建该分支为止 - 实际上只是该分支的真实历史。否则在查看日志时我不清楚提交是否在my_experiments分支上。

Is there a way to do this with Git?

有没有办法用 Git 做到这一点？

回答by alex

You can use a rangeto do that.

您可以使用范围来做到这一点。

git log master..

If you've checked out your my_experimentbranch. This will compare where masteris at to HEAD(the tip of my_experiment).

如果你已经检查了你的my_experiment分支。这将比较masterat 到HEAD（的尖端my_experiment）的位置。

回答by cforbish

The git merge-basecommand can be used to find a common ancestor. So if my_experiment has not been merged into master yet and my_experiment was created from master you could:

该git merge-base命令可用于查找共同祖先。因此，如果 my_experiment 尚未合并到 master 并且 my_experiment 是从 master 创建的，您可以：

git log --oneline `git merge-base my_experiment master`..my_experiment

回答by VonC

Note: if you limit that log to the last n commit (last 3 commits for instance, git log -3), make sure to put a space between 'n' and your branch:

注意：如果您将该日志限制为最后 n 次提交（例如，最后 3 次提交，git log -3），请确保在“n”和您的分支之间放置一个空格：

git log -3 master..

Before Git 2.1 (August 2014), this mistake: git log -3master..would actually show you the last 3 commits of the current branch (here my_experiment), ignoring the masterlimit (meaning if my_experimentcontains only one commit, 3 would still be listed, 2 of them from master)

在 Git 2.1（2014 年 8 月）之前，这个错误：git log -3master..实际上会向您显示当前分支的最后 3 个提交（此处my_experiment），忽略master限制（意味着如果my_experiment只包含一个提交，则仍会列出 3 个，其中 2 个来自master）

See commit e3fa568by Junio C Hamano (gitster):

见提交e3fa568通过 JUNIOÇ滨野（gitster）：

revision: parse "git log -<count>" more carefully

修订：git log -<count>更仔细地解析“ ”

This mistyped command line simply ignores "master" and ends up showing two commits from the current HEAD:

这个输入错误的命令行简单地忽略了 " master" 并最终显示了当前的两次提交HEAD：

$ git log -2master

because we feed "2master" to atoi()without making sure that the whole string is parsed as an integer.

Use the strtol_i()helper function instead.

因为我们2master在atoi()没有确保整个字符串被解析为整数的情况下提供“ ” 。

请改用strtol_i()辅助函数。

回答by Daniel Casas

I think an option for your purposes is git log --oneline --decorate. This lets you know the checked commit, and the top commits for each branch that you have in your story line. By doing this, you have a nice view on the structure of your repo and the commits associated to a specific branch. I think reading thismight help.

我认为您的目的的一个选项是git log --oneline --decorate. 这让您知道已检查的提交，以及您故事情节中每个分支的最高提交。通过这样做，您可以很好地了解存储库的结构以及与特定分支关联的提交。我认为阅读本文可能会有所帮助。

回答by Manoj Rana

You can use only git log --oneline

您只能使用 git log --oneline

回答by menssana

I know it's very late for this one... But here is a (not so simple) oneliner to get what you were looking for:

我知道这已经很晚了……但这里有一个（不是那么简单的）oneliner 可以得到你想要的东西：

git show-branch --all 2>/dev/null | grep -E "\[$(git branch | grep -E '^\*' | awk '{ printf  }')" | tail -n+2 | sed -E "s/^[^\[]*?\[/[/"

• We are listing commits with branch name and relative positions to actual branch states with git show-branch(sending the warnings to /dev/null).
• Then we only keep those with our branch name inside the bracket with grep -E "\[$BRANCH_NAME".
• Where actual $BRANCH_NAMEis obtained with git branch | grep -E '^\*' | awk '{ printf $2 }'(the branch with a star, echoed without that star).
• From our results, we remove the redundant line at the beginning with tail -n+2.
• And then, we fianlly clean up the output by removing everything preceding [$BRANCH_NAME]with sed -E "s/^[^\[]*?\[/[/".

• 我们正在列出带有分支名称的提交以及与实际分支状态的相对位置git show-branch（将警告发送到/dev/null）。
• 然后我们只保留那些带有我们的分支名称的括号内grep -E "\[$BRANCH_NAME"。
• 实际$BRANCH_NAME获得的地方git branch | grep -E '^\*' | awk '{ printf $2 }'（带有星号的分支，没有该星号则回显）。
• 从我们的结果中，我们删除了开头的冗余行tail -n+2。
• 然后，我们通过fianlly去除在先一切收拾输出[$BRANCH_NAME]用sed -E "s/^[^\[]*?\[/[/"。