java 将字节数组转换为可理解的字符串
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Convert byte array to understandable String
提问by Mike B
I have a program that handles byte arrays in Java, and now I would like to write this into a XML file. However, I am unsure as to how I can convert the following byte array into a sensible String to write to a file. Assuming that it was Unicode characters I attempted the following code:
我有一个用 Java 处理字节数组的程序，现在我想把它写成一个 XML 文件。但是，我不确定如何将以下字节数组转换为合理的字符串以写入文件。假设它是 Unicode 字符，我尝试了以下代码：
String temp = new String(encodedBytes, "UTF-8");
Only to have the debugger show that the encodedBytes contain "\ufffd\ufffd ^\ufffd\ufffd-m\ufffd\ufffd\/ufffd \ufffd\ufffdIA\ufffd\ufffd". The String should contain a hash in alphanumerical format.
只是让调试器显示编码字节包含"\ufffd\ufffd ^\ufffd\ufffd-m\ufffd\ufffd\/ufffd \ufffd\ufffdIA\ufffd\ufffd". 字符串应包含字母数字格式的散列。
How would I turn the above String into a sensible String for output?
我如何将上面的字符串转换为合理的字符串以进行输出？
回答by trashgod
The byte array doesn't look like UTF-8. Note that \ufffd(named REPLACEMENT CHARACTER) is "used to replace an incoming character whose value is unknown or unrepresentable in Unicode."
字节数组看起来不像 UTF-8。请注意，\ufffd(named REPLACEMENT CHARACTER)用于“用于替换其值未知或无法在 Unicode 中表示的传入字符。”
Addendum: Here's a simple example of how this can happen. When cast to a byte, the code point for ?is neither UTF-8 nor US-ASCII; but it isvalid ISO-8859-1. In effect, you have to know what the bytes represent before you can encode them into a String.
附录：这是一个简单的例子，说明这是如何发生的。当转换为 a 时byte， 的代码点?既不是 UTF-8 也不是 US-ASCII；但它是有效的 ISO-8859-1。实际上，您必须先知道字节代表什么，然后才能将它们编码为String.
public class Hello {
public static void main(String[] args)
throws java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException {
String s = "Hola, se?or!";
System.out.println(s);
byte[] b = new byte[s.length()];
for (int i = 0; i < b.length; i++) {
int cp = s.codePointAt(i);
b[i] = (byte) cp;
System.out.print((byte) cp + " ");
}
System.out.println();
System.out.println(new String(b, "UTF-8"));
System.out.println(new String(b, "US-ASCII"));
System.out.println(new String(b, "ISO-8859-1"));
}
}
Output:
输出：
Hola, se?or! 72 111 108 97 44 32 115 101 -15 111 114 33 Hola, se?or! Hola, se?or! Hola, se?or!
回答by trashgod
If your string is the output of a password hashing scheme (which it looks like it might be) then I think you will need to Base64 encode in order to put it into plain text.
如果您的字符串是密码散列方案的输出（看起来可能是这样），那么我认为您需要进行 Base64 编码才能将其转换为纯文本。
Standard procedure, if you have raw bytes you want to output to a text file, is to use Base 64 encoding. The Commons Codeclibrary provides a Base64 encoder / decoder for you to use.
如果您有想要输出到文本文件的原始字节，标准程序是使用 Base 64 编码。该共享编解码器库为您提供了使用一个Base64编码器/解码器。
Hope this helps.
希望这可以帮助。
