在不知道 JSON 格式的情况下用 Java 解析 JSON

Parsing JSON in Java without knowing JSON format

提问by whyceewhite

I am trying to parse JSON strings in Java and find the key-value pairs so that I can determine the approximate structure of the JSON object since object structure of JSON string is unknown.

我试图用 Java 解析 JSON 字符串并找到键值对，以便我可以确定 JSON 对象的大致结构，因为 JSON 字符串的对象结构是未知的。

For example, one execution may have a JSON string like this:

例如，一个执行可能有一个像这样的 JSON 字符串：

  {"id" : 12345, "days" : [ "Monday", "Wednesday" ], "person" : { "firstName" : "David", "lastName" : "Menoyo" } }

And another like this:

还有一个像这样：

  {"url" : "http://someurl.com", "method" : "POST", "isauth" : false }

How would I cycle through the various JSON elements and determine the keys and their values? I looked at Hymanson-core's JsonParser. I see how I can grab the next "token" and determine what type of token it is (i.e., field name, value, array start, etc), but, I don't know how to grab the actual token's value.

我将如何遍历各种 JSON 元素并确定键及其值？我看着Hymanson-core的JsonParser。我看到了如何获取下一个“令牌”并确定它是什么类型的令牌（即字段名称、值、数组开始等），但是，我不知道如何获取实际令牌的值。

For example:

例如：

public void parse(String json)  {
  try {
     JsonFactory f = new JsonFactory();
     JsonParser parser = f.createParser(json);
     JsonToken token = parser.nextToken();
     while (token != null) {
        if (token.equals(JsonToken.START_ARRAY)) {
           logger.debug("Start Array : " + token.toString());
        } else if (token.equals(JsonToken.END_ARRAY)) {
           logger.debug("End Array : " + token.toString());
        } else if (token.equals(JsonToken.START_OBJECT)) {
           logger.debug("Start Object : " + token.toString());
        } else if (token.equals(JsonToken.END_OBJECT)) {
           logger.debug("End Object : " + token.toString());
        } else if (token.equals(JsonToken.FIELD_NAME)) {
           logger.debug("Field Name : " + token.toString());
        } else if (token.equals(JsonToken.VALUE_FALSE)) {
           logger.debug("Value False : " + token.toString());
        } else if (token.equals(JsonToken.VALUE_NULL)) {
           logger.debug("Value Null : " + token.toString());
        } else if (token.equals(JsonToken.VALUE_NUMBER_FLOAT)) {
           logger.debug("Value Number Float : " + token.toString());
        } else if (token.equals(JsonToken.VALUE_NUMBER_INT)) {
          logger.debug("Value Number Int : " + token.toString());
        } else if (token.equals(JsonToken.VALUE_STRING)) {
           logger.debug("Value String : " + token.toString());
        } else if (token.equals(JsonToken.VALUE_TRUE)) {
           logger.debug("Value True : " + token.toString());
        } else {
           logger.debug("Something else : " + token.toString());
        }
        token = parser.nextToken();
     }
  } catch (Exception e) {
     logger.error("", e);
  }
}

Is there a class in Hymansonor some other library (gsonor simple-json) that produces a tree, or allows one to cycle through the json elements and obtain the actual key names in addition to the values?

是否有类Hymanson或其他库（gson或simple-json）生成树，或允许循环遍历 json 元素并获取除值之外的实际键名？

采纳答案by user987339

Take a look at Hymansons built-in tree model feature.

看看 Hymansons 内置的树模型功能。

And your code will be:

你的代码将是：

public void parse(String json)  {
       JsonFactory factory = new JsonFactory();

       ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(factory);
       JsonNode rootNode = mapper.readTree(json);  

       Iterator<Map.Entry<String,JsonNode>> fieldsIterator = rootNode.fields();
       while (fieldsIterator.hasNext()) {

           Map.Entry<String,JsonNode> field = fieldsIterator.next();
           System.out.println("Key: " + field.getKey() + "\tValue:" + field.getValue());
       }
}

回答by Ignitor

If a different library is fine for you, you could try org.json:

如果不同的库适合你，你可以试试org.json：

JSONObject object = new JSONObject(myJSONString);
String[] keys = JSONObject.getNames(object);

for (String key : keys)
{
    Object value = object.get(key);
    // Determine type of value and do something with it...
}

回答by Vidya

Would you be satisfied with a Mapfrom Hymanson?

你对MapHyman逊的作品满意吗？

ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
Map<String, Object> map = objectMapper.readValue(jsonString, new TypeReference<HashMap<String,Object>>(){});

Or maybe a JsonNode?

或者也许是JsonNode?

JsonNode jsonNode = objectMapper.readTree(String jsonString) 

回答by John DeRegnaucourt

To get JSON quickly into Java objects (Maps) that you can then 'drill' and work with, you can use json-io (https://github.com/jdereg/json-io). This library will let you read in a JSON String, and get back a 'Map of Maps' representation.

要将 JSON 快速放入 Java 对象（地图）中，然后您可以“钻取”并使用它，您可以使用 json-io ( https://github.com/jdereg/json-io)。这个库会让你读入一个 JSON 字符串，并返回一个“地图地图”表示。

If you have the corresponding Java classes in your JVM, you can read the JSON in and it will parse it directly into instances of the Java classes.

如果您的 JVM 中有相应的 Java 类，则可以读取 JSON，它将直接将其解析为 Java 类的实例。

JsonReader.jsonToMaps(String json)

where json is the String containing the JSON to be read. The return value is a Map where the keys will contain the JSON fields, and the values will contain the associated values.

其中 json 是包含要读取的 JSON 的字符串。返回值是一个 Map，其中键将包含 JSON 字段，值将包含关联的值。

JsonReader.jsonToJava(String json) 

will read the same JSON string in, and the return value will be the Java instance that was serialized into the JSON. Use this API if you have the classes in your JVM that were written by

将读取相同的 JSON 字符串，返回值将是序列化为 JSON 的 Java 实例。如果您的 JVM 中有由以下人员编写的类，请使用此 API

JsonWriter.objectToJson(MyClass foo).

回答by chandrasekhar majji

Find the following code for Unknown Json Object parsing using Gson library.

使用 Gson 库查找未知 Json 对象解析的以下代码。

public class JsonParsing {
static JsonParser parser = new JsonParser();

public static HashMap<String, Object> createHashMapFromJsonString(String json) {

    JsonObject object = (JsonObject) parser.parse(json);
    Set<Map.Entry<String, JsonElement>> set = object.entrySet();
    Iterator<Map.Entry<String, JsonElement>> iterator = set.iterator();
    HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();

    while (iterator.hasNext()) {

        Map.Entry<String, JsonElement> entry = iterator.next();
        String key = entry.getKey();
        JsonElement value = entry.getValue();

        if (null != value) {
            if (!value.isJsonPrimitive()) {
                if (value.isJsonObject()) {

                    map.put(key, createHashMapFromJsonString(value.toString()));
                } else if (value.isJsonArray() && value.toString().contains(":")) {

                    List<HashMap<String, Object>> list = new ArrayList<>();
                    JsonArray array = value.getAsJsonArray();
                    if (null != array) {
                        for (JsonElement element : array) {
                            list.add(createHashMapFromJsonString(element.toString()));
                        }
                        map.put(key, list);
                    }
                } else if (value.isJsonArray() && !value.toString().contains(":")) {
                    map.put(key, value.getAsJsonArray());
                }
            } else {
                map.put(key, value.getAsString());
            }
        }
    }
    return map;
}
}

回答by Yash

JSONof unknown format to HashMap

未知格式的JSON到HashMap

writing JSONAnd reading Json

写JSON和读Json

public static JsonParser parser = new JsonParser();
public static void main(String args[]) {
     writeJson("JsonFile.json");
     readgson("JsonFile.json");
}
public static void readgson(String file) {
    try {
        System.out.println( "Reading JSON file from Java program" );

        FileReader fileReader = new FileReader( file );
        com.google.gson.JsonObject object = (JsonObject) parser.parse( fileReader );

        Set <java.util.Map.Entry<String, com.google.gson.JsonElement>> keys = object.entrySet();
        if ( keys.isEmpty() ) {
            System.out.println( "Empty JSON Object" );
        }else {
            Map<String, Object> map = json_UnKnown_Format( keys );
            System.out.println("Json 2 Map : "+map);
        }

    } catch (IOException ex) {
        System.out.println("Input File Does not Exists.");
    }
}
public static Map<String, Object> json_UnKnown_Format( Set <java.util.Map.Entry<String, com.google.gson.JsonElement>> keys ){
    Map<String, Object> jsonMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    for (Entry<String, JsonElement> entry : keys) {
        String keyEntry = entry.getKey();
        System.out.println(keyEntry + " : ");
        JsonElement valuesEntry =  entry.getValue();
        if (valuesEntry.isJsonNull()) {
            System.out.println(valuesEntry);
            jsonMap.put(keyEntry, valuesEntry);
        }else if (valuesEntry.isJsonPrimitive()) {
            System.out.println("P - "+valuesEntry);
            jsonMap.put(keyEntry, valuesEntry);
        }else if (valuesEntry.isJsonArray()) {
            JsonArray array = valuesEntry.getAsJsonArray();
            List<Object> array2List = new ArrayList<Object>();
            for (JsonElement jsonElements : array) {
                System.out.println("A - "+jsonElements);
                array2List.add(jsonElements);
            }
            jsonMap.put(keyEntry, array2List);
        }else if (valuesEntry.isJsonObject()) {             
             com.google.gson.JsonObject obj = (JsonObject) parser.parse(valuesEntry.toString());                    
             Set <java.util.Map.Entry<String, com.google.gson.JsonElement>> obj_key = obj.entrySet();
             jsonMap.put(keyEntry, json_UnKnown_Format(obj_key));
        }
    }
    return jsonMap;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static void writeJson( String file ) {

    JSONObject json = new JSONObject();

    json.put("Key1", "Value");
    json.put("Key2", 777); // Converts to "777"
    json.put("Key3", null);
    json.put("Key4", false);

        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray();
        jsonArray.put("Array-Value1");
        jsonArray.put(10); 
        jsonArray.put("Array-Value2");

    json.put("Array : ", jsonArray); // "Array":["Array-Value1", 10,"Array-Value2"]

        JSONObject jsonObj = new JSONObject();
        jsonObj.put("Obj-Key1", 20);
        jsonObj.put("Obj-Key2", "Value2");
        jsonObj.put(4, "Value2"); // Converts to "4"

    json.put("InnerObject", jsonObj);

        JSONObject jsonObjArray = new JSONObject();
            JSONArray objArray = new JSONArray();
            objArray.put("Obj-Array1");
            objArray.put(0, "Obj-Array3");
        jsonObjArray.put("ObjectArray", objArray);

    json.put("InnerObjectArray", jsonObjArray);

        Map<String, Integer> sortedTree = new TreeMap<String, Integer>();
        sortedTree.put("Sorted1", 10);
        sortedTree.put("Sorted2", 103);
        sortedTree.put("Sorted3", 14);

    json.put("TreeMap", sortedTree);        

    try {
        System.out.println("Writting JSON into file ...");
        System.out.println(json);
        FileWriter jsonFileWriter = new FileWriter(file);
        jsonFileWriter.write(json.toJSONString());
        jsonFileWriter.flush();
        jsonFileWriter.close();
        System.out.println("Done");

    } catch (IOException e) { 
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

}

回答by Peiming Hu

Here is a sample I wrote shows how I parse a json and mess every number inside it:

这是我写的一个示例，展示了我如何解析 json 并弄乱其中的每个数字：

public class JsonParser {

    public static Object parseAndMess(Object object) throws IOException {
        String json = JsonUtil.toJson(object);
        JsonNode jsonNode = parseAndMess(json);
        if(null != jsonNode)
            return JsonUtil.toObject(jsonNode, object.getClass());

        return null;
    }

    public static JsonNode parseAndMess(String json) throws IOException {
        JsonNode rootNode = parse(json);
        return mess(rootNode, new Random());
    }

    private static JsonNode parse(String json) throws IOException {
        JsonFactory factory = new JsonFactory();
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(factory);
        JsonNode rootNode = mapper.readTree(json);
        return rootNode;

    }

    private static JsonNode mess(JsonNode rootNode, Random rand) throws IOException {
        if (rootNode instanceof ObjectNode) {
            Iterator<Map.Entry<String, JsonNode>> fieldsIterator = rootNode.fields();
            while (fieldsIterator.hasNext()) {
                Map.Entry<String, JsonNode> field = fieldsIterator.next();
                replaceObjectNode((ObjectNode) rootNode, field, rand);
            }
        } else if (rootNode instanceof ArrayNode) {
            ArrayNode arrayNode = ((ArrayNode) rootNode);
            replaceArrayNode(arrayNode, rand);
        }
        return rootNode;
    }

    private static void replaceObjectNode(ObjectNode rootNode, Map.Entry<String, JsonNode> field, Random rand)
            throws IOException {
        JsonNode childNode = field.getValue();
        if (childNode instanceof IntNode) {
            (rootNode).put(field.getKey(), rand.nextInt(1000));
        } else if (childNode instanceof LongNode) {
            (rootNode).put(field.getKey(), rand.nextInt(1000000));
        } else if (childNode instanceof FloatNode) {
            (rootNode).put(field.getKey(), format(rand.nextFloat()));
        } else if (childNode instanceof DoubleNode) {
            (rootNode).put(field.getKey(), format(rand.nextFloat()));
        } else {
            mess(childNode, rand);
        }
    }

    private static void replaceArrayNode(ArrayNode arrayNode, Random rand) throws IOException {
        int arrayLength = arrayNode.size();
        if(arrayLength == 0)
            return;
        if (arrayNode.get(0) instanceof IntNode) {
            for (int i = 0; i < arrayLength; i++) {
                arrayNode.set(i, new IntNode(rand.nextInt(10000)));
            }
        } else if (arrayNode.get(0) instanceof LongNode) {
            arrayNode.removeAll();
            for (int i = 0; i < arrayLength; i++) {
                arrayNode.add(rand.nextInt(1000000));
            }
        } else if (arrayNode.get(0) instanceof FloatNode) {
            arrayNode.removeAll();
            for (int i = 0; i < arrayLength; i++) {
                arrayNode.add(format(rand.nextFloat()));
            }
        } else if (arrayNode.get(0) instanceof DoubleNode) {
            arrayNode.removeAll();
            for (int i = 0; i < arrayLength; i++) {
                arrayNode.add(format(rand.nextFloat()));
            }
        } else {
            for (int i = 0; i < arrayLength; i++) {
                mess(arrayNode.get(i), rand);
            }
        }
    }

    public static void print(JsonNode rootNode) throws IOException {
        System.out.println(rootNode.toString());
    }

    private static double format(float a) {
        return Math.round(a * 10000.0) / 100.0;
    }
}