Java 如何使用 Spring MVC / Spring Boot 编写适当的全局错误处理程序
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How to write a proper global error handler with Spring MVC / Spring Boot
提问by kayahr
I'm writing a web application with Spring 4.0.4 and Spring Boot 1.0.2 using Tomcat as embedded web container and I want to implement a global exception handling which intercepts all exceptions and logs them in a specific way. My simple requirements are:
我正在编写一个带有 Spring 4.0.4 和 Spring Boot 1.0.2 的 Web 应用程序，使用 Tomcat 作为嵌入式 Web 容器，我想实现一个全局异常处理，它拦截所有异常并以特定方式记录它们。我的简单要求是：
- I want to globally handle all exceptions which are not already processed somewhere else (In a controller exception handler for example). I want to log the message and I want to display a custom error message to the user.
- I don't want Spring or the web container to log any errors by itself because I want to do this myself.
- 我想全局处理其他地方尚未处理的所有异常（例如在控制器异常处理程序中）。我想记录该消息，并且我想向用户显示自定义错误消息。
- 我不希望 Spring 或 Web 容器自己记录任何错误，因为我想自己这样做。
So far my solution looks like this (Simplified, no logging and no redirection to an error view):
到目前为止，我的解决方案看起来像这样（简化，没有日志记录，也没有重定向到错误视图）：
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/errors")
public class ErrorHandler implements EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer
{
@Override
public void customize(final ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer factory)
{
factory.addErrorPages(new ErrorPage("/errors/unexpected"));
factory.addErrorPages(new ErrorPage(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, "/errors/notfound"));
}
@RequestMapping("unexpected")
@ResponseBody
public String unexpectedError(final HttpServletRequest request)
{
return "Exception: " + request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.exception");
}
@RequestMapping("notfound")
@ResponseBody
public String notFound()
{
return "Error 404";
}
}
The result is that exceptions thrown in controllers are correctly handled by the unexpectedErrormethod and 404 status codes are handled by the notFoundmethod. So far so good, but I have the following problems:
结果是控制器中抛出的异常被unexpectedError方法正确处理，404状态码被notFound方法处理。到目前为止一切顺利，但我有以下问题：
- Tomcat or Spring (not sure who is responsible) is still logging the error message. I don't want that because I want to log it myself (with additional information) and I don't want duplicate error messages in the log. How can I prevent this default logging?
- The way I access the exception object doesn't seem right. I fetch if from the request attribute
javax.servlet.error.exception. And that's not even the thrown exception, it is an instance oforg.springframework.web.util.NestedServletExceptionand I have to dive into this nested exception to fetch the real one. I'm pretty sure there is an easier way but I can't find it.
- Tomcat 或 Spring（不确定谁负责）仍在记录错误消息。我不希望这样，因为我想自己记录它（带有附加信息），并且我不想在日志中出现重复的错误消息。如何防止此默认日志记录？
- 我访问异常对象的方式似乎不对。我从请求属性中获取 if
javax.servlet.error.exception。这甚至不是抛出的异常，它是一个实例，org.springframework.web.util.NestedServletException我必须深入研究这个嵌套异常以获取真正的异常。我很确定有更简单的方法，但我找不到。
So how can I solve these problems? Or maybe the way I implemented this global exception handler is completely wrong and there is a better alternative?
那么我该如何解决这些问题呢？或者我实现这个全局异常处理程序的方式是完全错误的，有更好的选择吗？
采纳答案by Michiel
Have a look at ControllerAdvice You could do something like this:
看看 ControllerAdvice 你可以做这样的事情：
@ControllerAdvice
public class ExceptionHandlerController {
public static final String DEFAULT_ERROR_VIEW = "error";
@ExceptionHandler(value = {Exception.class, RuntimeException.class})
public ModelAndView defaultErrorHandler(HttpServletRequest request, Exception e) {
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView(DEFAULT_ERROR_VIEW);
mav.addObject("datetime", new Date());
mav.addObject("exception", e);
mav.addObject("url", request.getRequestURL());
return mav;
}
}
