Linux 归档（ubuntu tar）隐藏目录
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archiving (ubuntu tar) hidden directories
提问by H2ONaCl
tar on a directory mydirwill archive hidden files and hidden subdirectories, but tar from withinmydirwith a *wildcard will not. Is this a longstanding and known inconsistency or bug?
在目录上的焦油mydir会从归档隐藏文件和隐藏子目录，但焦油中mydir有*通配符不会。这是一个长期存在且已知的不一致或错误吗？
Edit (additional information): tar from within mydirwith a wildcard will not "see" nor archive hidden files and hidden subdirectories in the immediatedirectory. However, in the non-hidden subdirectories of mydirhidden files and hidden subdirectories will be archived.
编辑（附加信息）：mydir带有通配符的tar不会“看到”或存档直接目录中的隐藏文件和隐藏子目录。但是，在非隐藏子目录中的mydir隐藏文件和隐藏子目录将被归档。
采纳答案by H2ONaCl
The answer is that the *wildcard is handled by the shell and it just does not expand to things that start with a dot. The other wildcard ?also does not expand to things that start with a dot. Thanks to Keith for pointing out it is the shell that does the expansion and so it has nothing to do with tar.
答案是*通配符由 shell 处理，它只是不会扩展为以点开头的内容。另一个通配符?也不会扩展到以点开头的内容。感谢 Keith 指出是 shell 进行扩展，因此它与tar.
If you use shopt -s dotglobthen expansion will include things like .filename. Thanks to Andy.
如果您使用，shopt -s dotglob则扩展将包括诸如.filename. 感谢安迪。
Use shopt -u dotglobto turn it off.
使用shopt -u dotglob将其关闭。
Switching the dotgloboption does not change lsitself. Rather it just changes expansion behaviour as exhibited in something like ls *.
切换dotglob选项本身不会改变ls。相反，它只是改变了像ls *.
Edit: My recommendations are in a comment below.
编辑：我的建议在下面的评论中。
回答by Madhur Ahuja
With wildcard it will not work. You have to specify . (current directory) if you mean full directory including hidden files. You can do
使用通配符将不起作用。您必须指定 . （当前目录）如果您的意思是包含隐藏文件的完整目录。你可以做
tar -cvpzf test.tgz .
回答by Keith
The shell expands the wildcards so tar doesn't even see it. You have to add them explicitly if you want to do that. (.*). However, it's most common to tar a single directory so that when you untar it all goes to the same place.
shell 扩展了通配符，因此 tar 甚至看不到它。如果你想这样做，你必须明确地添加它们。( .*). 但是，最常见的是对单个目录进行 tar 处理，以便在解压时将其全部放到同一个位置。
回答by andy
shopt -s dotglob
this will make the
这将使
回答by Markoj
You can use:
您可以使用：
tar -cvpzf test.tgz * .??*
But, this works only for hidden files with names > 2 (to prevent '.' and '..')
但是，这仅适用于名称 > 2 的隐藏文件（以防止 '.' 和 '..'）
回答by zurfyx
You can compress all the files / folders in your current directory (including .hidden) by using:
您可以使用以下方法压缩当前目录（包括 .hidden）中的所有文件/文件夹：
tar -zcvf compressed.tgz `ls -A -1`
The last argument are the folders you want to compress. If you pass it ls -A -1, you are passing it all folders in your current directory but .and ...
When it comes to subdirectories, .hidden files are already included in the compression by default.
最后一个参数是您要压缩的文件夹。如果您通过它ls -A -1，您将把当前目录中的所有文件夹传递给它，但是.和... 对于子目录，默认情况下 .hidden 文件已包含在压缩中。
