C语言 执行 HTTP POST 并使用响应的简单 C 示例
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原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/22077802/
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Simple C example of doing an HTTP POST and consuming the response
提问by kmarks2
I would like to create a very simple C application that does an HTTP post. It will take a few parameters, and use these to construct a URL. I'd just like to do a simple HTTP POST and get the response without the use of curl (the libraries are not and will not be installed on the machine this needs to run).
我想创建一个非常简单的 C 应用程序来执行 HTTP 发布。它将需要一些参数，并使用这些参数来构造一个 URL。我只想做一个简单的 HTTP POST 并在不使用 curl 的情况下获得响应（这些库不会也不会安装在需要运行的机器上）。
Pseudo-code:
伪代码：
Process 2 args
Put args into template URL: http://api.somesite.com/apikey=ARG1&command=ARG2
Do POST on generated URL
Consume response
进程 2 参数
将 args 放入模板 URL：http: //api.somesite.com/apikey=ARG1&command=ARG2
在生成的 URL 上做 POST
消费响应
My Google and SO searches haven't yielded anything on this matter.
我的谷歌和 SO 搜索在这个问题上没有产生任何结果。
回答by Jerry Jeremiah
A message has a header part and a message body separated by a blank line. The blank line is ALWAYS needed even if there is no message body. The header starts with a command and has additional lines of key value pairs separated by a colon and a space. If there is a message body, it can be anything you want it to be.
消息具有由空行分隔的标题部分和消息正文。即使没有消息正文，也始终需要空行。标题以命令开头，并具有由冒号和空格分隔的附加键值对行。如果有消息正文，它可以是您想要的任何内容。
Lines in the header and the blank line at the end of the header must end with a carraige return and linefeed pair (see HTTP header line break style) so that's why those lines have \r\n at the end.
标头中的行和标头末尾的空行必须以回车符和换行符对结尾（请参阅HTTP 标头换行符样式），这就是为什么这些行在末尾有 \r\n 的原因。
A URL has the form of http://host:port/path?query_string
URL 的形式为 http://host:port/path?query_string
There are two main ways of submitting a request to a website:
向网站提交请求有两种主要方式：
GET: The query string is optional but, if specified, must be reasonably short. Because of this the header could just be the GET command and nothing else. A sample message could be:
GET /path?query_string HTTP/1.0\r\n \r\nPOST: What would normally be in the query string is in the body of the message instead. Because of this the header needs to include the Content-Type: and Content-Length: attributes as well as the POST command. A sample message could be:
POST /path HTTP/1.0\r\n Content-Type: text/plain\r\n Content-Length: 12\r\n \r\n query_string
GET：查询字符串是可选的，但如果指定，则必须相当短。因此，标头可能只是 GET 命令而没有别的。示例消息可能是：
GET /path?query_string HTTP/1.0\r\n \r\nPOST：通常在查询字符串中的内容是在消息正文中。因此，标头需要包含 Content-Type: 和 Content-Length: 属性以及 POST 命令。示例消息可能是：
POST /path HTTP/1.0\r\n Content-Type: text/plain\r\n Content-Length: 12\r\n \r\n query_string
So, to answer your question: if the URL you are interested in POSTing to is http://api.somesite.com/apikey=ARG1&command=ARG2then there is no body or query string and, consequently, no reason to POST because there is nothing to put in the body of the message and so nothing to put in the Content-Type: and Content-Length:
因此，要回答您的问题：如果您有兴趣POST的 URL 是http://api.somesite.com/apikey=ARG1&command=ARG2则没有正文或查询字符串，因此，没有理由发布，因为有没有什么可以放在消息正文中，所以没有什么可以放在 Content-Type: 和 Content-Length:
I guess you could POST if you really wanted to. In that case your message would look like:
如果你真的想，我想你可以发布。在这种情况下，您的消息将如下所示：
POST /apikey=ARG1&command=ARG2 HTTP/1.0\r\n
\r\n
So to send the message the C program needs to:
所以要发送消息，C 程序需要：
- create a socket
- lookup the IP address
- open the socket
- send the request
- wait for the response
- close the socket
- 创建一个套接字
- 查找 IP 地址
- 打开插座
- 发送请求
- 等待回应
- 关闭套接字
The send and receive calls won't necessarily send/receive ALL the data you give them - they will return the number of bytes actually sent/received. It is up to you to call them in a loop and send/receive the remainder of the message.
发送和接收调用不一定会发送/接收您提供给他们的所有数据——它们将返回实际发送/接收的字节数。您可以循环调用它们并发送/接收消息的其余部分。
What I did not do in this sample is any sort of real error checking - when something fails I just exit the program. Let me know if it works for you:
我在这个示例中没有做的是任何类型的真正的错误检查 - 当某些事情失败时，我只是退出程序。请让我知道这对你有没有用：
#include <stdio.h> /* printf, sprintf */
#include <stdlib.h> /* exit */
#include <unistd.h> /* read, write, close */
#include <string.h> /* memcpy, memset */
#include <sys/socket.h> /* socket, connect */
#include <netinet/in.h> /* struct sockaddr_in, struct sockaddr */
#include <netdb.h> /* struct hostent, gethostbyname */
void error(const char *msg) { perror(msg); exit(0); }
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
/* first what are we going to send and where are we going to send it? */
int portno = 80;
char *host = "api.somesite.com";
char *message_fmt = "POST /apikey=%s&command=%s HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n";
struct hostent *server;
struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
int sockfd, bytes, sent, received, total;
char message[1024],response[4096];
if (argc < 3) { puts("Parameters: <apikey> <command>"); exit(0); }
/* fill in the parameters */
sprintf(message,message_fmt,argv[1],argv[2]);
printf("Request:\n%s\n",message);
/* create the socket */
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sockfd < 0) error("ERROR opening socket");
/* lookup the ip address */
server = gethostbyname(host);
if (server == NULL) error("ERROR, no such host");
/* fill in the structure */
memset(&serv_addr,0,sizeof(serv_addr));
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(portno);
memcpy(&serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr,server->h_addr,server->h_length);
/* connect the socket */
if (connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0)
error("ERROR connecting");
/* send the request */
total = strlen(message);
sent = 0;
do {
bytes = write(sockfd,message+sent,total-sent);
if (bytes < 0)
error("ERROR writing message to socket");
if (bytes == 0)
break;
sent+=bytes;
} while (sent < total);
/* receive the response */
memset(response,0,sizeof(response));
total = sizeof(response)-1;
received = 0;
do {
bytes = read(sockfd,response+received,total-received);
if (bytes < 0)
error("ERROR reading response from socket");
if (bytes == 0)
break;
received+=bytes;
} while (received < total);
if (received == total)
error("ERROR storing complete response from socket");
/* close the socket */
close(sockfd);
/* process response */
printf("Response:\n%s\n",response);
return 0;
}
Like the other answer pointed out, 4096 bytes is not a very big response. I picked that number at random assuming that the response to your request would be short. If it can be big you have two choices:
就像另一个答案指出的那样，4096 字节不是一个很大的响应。假设对您的请求的响应很短，我随机选择了该数字。如果它可以很大，你有两个选择：
- read the Content-Length: header from the response and then dynamically allocate enough memory to hold the whole response.
- write the response to a file as the pieces arrive
- 从响应中读取 Content-Length: 标头，然后动态分配足够的内存来保存整个响应。
- 当碎片到达时将响应写入文件
Additional information to answer the question asked in the comments:
回答评论中提出的问题的其他信息：
What if you want to POST data in the body of the message? Then you do need to include the Content-Type: and Content-Length: headers. The Content-Length: is the actual length of everything after the blank line that separates the header from the body.
如果要在消息正文中 POST 数据怎么办？然后您确实需要包含 Content-Type: 和 Content-Length: 标头。内容长度：是将标题与正文分开的空行之后的所有内容的实际长度。
Here is a sample that takes the following command line arguments:
这是一个采用以下命令行参数的示例：
- host
- port
- command (GET or POST)
- path (not including the query data)
- query data (put into the query string for GET and into the body for POST)
- list of headers (Content-Length: is automatic if using POST)
- 主持人
- 港口
- 命令（GET 或 POST）
- 路径（不包括查询数据）
- 查询数据（放入 GET 的查询字符串和 POST 的正文中）
- 标题列表（内容长度：如果使用 POST 是自动的）
So, for the original question you would run:
因此，对于原始问题，您将运行：
a.out api.somesite.com 80 GET "/apikey=ARG1&command=ARG2"
And for the question asked in the comments you would run:
对于评论中提出的问题，您将运行：
a.out api.somesite.com 80 POST / "name=ARG1&value=ARG2" "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
Here is the code:
这是代码：
#include <stdio.h> /* printf, sprintf */
#include <stdlib.h> /* exit, atoi, malloc, free */
#include <unistd.h> /* read, write, close */
#include <string.h> /* memcpy, memset */
#include <sys/socket.h> /* socket, connect */
#include <netinet/in.h> /* struct sockaddr_in, struct sockaddr */
#include <netdb.h> /* struct hostent, gethostbyname */
void error(const char *msg) { perror(msg); exit(0); }
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
int i;
/* first where are we going to send it? */
int portno = atoi(argv[2])>0?atoi(argv[2]):80;
char *host = strlen(argv[1])>0?argv[1]:"localhost";
struct hostent *server;
struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
int sockfd, bytes, sent, received, total, message_size;
char *message, response[4096];
if (argc < 5) { puts("Parameters: <host> <port> <method> <path> [<data> [<headers>]]"); exit(0); }
/* How big is the message? */
message_size=0;
if(!strcmp(argv[3],"GET"))
{
message_size+=strlen("%s %s%s%s HTTP/1.0\r\n"); /* method */
message_size+=strlen(argv[3]); /* path */
message_size+=strlen(argv[4]); /* headers */
if(argc>5)
message_size+=strlen(argv[5]); /* query string */
for(i=6;i<argc;i++) /* headers */
message_size+=strlen(argv[i])+strlen("\r\n");
message_size+=strlen("\r\n"); /* blank line */
}
else
{
message_size+=strlen("%s %s HTTP/1.0\r\n");
message_size+=strlen(argv[3]); /* method */
message_size+=strlen(argv[4]); /* path */
for(i=6;i<argc;i++) /* headers */
message_size+=strlen(argv[i])+strlen("\r\n");
if(argc>5)
message_size+=strlen("Content-Length: %d\r\n")+10; /* content length */
message_size+=strlen("\r\n"); /* blank line */
if(argc>5)
message_size+=strlen(argv[5]); /* body */
}
/* allocate space for the message */
message=malloc(message_size);
/* fill in the parameters */
if(!strcmp(argv[3],"GET"))
{
if(argc>5)
sprintf(message,"%s %s%s%s HTTP/1.0\r\n",
strlen(argv[3])>0?argv[3]:"GET", /* method */
strlen(argv[4])>0?argv[4]:"/", /* path */
strlen(argv[5])>0?"?":"", /* ? */
strlen(argv[5])>0?argv[5]:""); /* query string */
else
sprintf(message,"%s %s HTTP/1.0\r\n",
strlen(argv[3])>0?argv[3]:"GET", /* method */
strlen(argv[4])>0?argv[4]:"/"); /* path */
for(i=6;i<argc;i++) /* headers */
{strcat(message,argv[i]);strcat(message,"\r\n");}
strcat(message,"\r\n"); /* blank line */
}
else
{
sprintf(message,"%s %s HTTP/1.0\r\n",
strlen(argv[3])>0?argv[3]:"POST", /* method */
strlen(argv[4])>0?argv[4]:"/"); /* path */
for(i=6;i<argc;i++) /* headers */
{strcat(message,argv[i]);strcat(message,"\r\n");}
if(argc>5)
sprintf(message+strlen(message),"Content-Length: %d\r\n",strlen(argv[5]));
strcat(message,"\r\n"); /* blank line */
if(argc>5)
strcat(message,argv[5]); /* body */
}
/* What are we going to send? */
printf("Request:\n%s\n",message);
/* create the socket */
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sockfd < 0) error("ERROR opening socket");
/* lookup the ip address */
server = gethostbyname(host);
if (server == NULL) error("ERROR, no such host");
/* fill in the structure */
memset(&serv_addr,0,sizeof(serv_addr));
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(portno);
memcpy(&serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr,server->h_addr,server->h_length);
/* connect the socket */
if (connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0)
error("ERROR connecting");
/* send the request */
total = strlen(message);
sent = 0;
do {
bytes = write(sockfd,message+sent,total-sent);
if (bytes < 0)
error("ERROR writing message to socket");
if (bytes == 0)
break;
sent+=bytes;
} while (sent < total);
/* receive the response */
memset(response,0,sizeof(response));
total = sizeof(response)-1;
received = 0;
do {
bytes = read(sockfd,response+received,total-received);
if (bytes < 0)
error("ERROR reading response from socket");
if (bytes == 0)
break;
received+=bytes;
} while (received < total);
if (received == total)
error("ERROR storing complete response from socket");
/* close the socket */
close(sockfd);
/* process response */
printf("Response:\n%s\n",response);
free(message);
return 0;
}
回答by Peter Washington
Jerry's answer is great. However, it doesn't handle large responses. A simple change to handle this:
杰瑞的回答很棒。但是，它不处理大型响应。一个简单的改变来处理这个：
memset(response, 0, sizeof(response));
total = sizeof(response)-1;
received = 0;
do {
printf("RESPONSE: %s\n", response);
// HANDLE RESPONSE CHUCK HERE BY, FOR EXAMPLE, SAVING TO A FILE.
memset(response, 0, sizeof(response));
bytes = recv(sockfd, response, 1024, 0);
if (bytes < 0)
printf("ERROR reading response from socket");
if (bytes == 0)
break;
received+=bytes;
} while (1);
回答by David Gatti
After weeks of research. I came up with the following code. I believe this is the bare minimum needed to make a secure connection with SSL to a web server.
经过数周的研究。我想出了以下代码。我相信这是通过 SSL 与 Web 服务器建立安全连接所需的最低要求。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <openssl/ssl.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/bio.h>
#define APIKEY "YOUR_API_KEY"
#define HOST "YOUR_WEB_SERVER_URI"
#define PORT "443"
int main() {
//
// Initialize the variables
//
BIO* bio;
SSL* ssl;
SSL_CTX* ctx;
//
// Registers the SSL/TLS ciphers and digests.
//
// Basically start the security layer.
//
SSL_library_init();
//
// Creates a new SSL_CTX object as a framework to establish TLS/SSL
// or DTLS enabled connections
//
ctx = SSL_CTX_new(SSLv23_client_method());
//
// -> Error check
//
if (ctx == NULL)
{
printf("Ctx is null\n");
}
//
// Creates a new BIO chain consisting of an SSL BIO
//
bio = BIO_new_ssl_connect(ctx);
//
// Use the variable from the beginning of the file to create a
// string that contains the URL to the site that you want to connect
// to while also specifying the port.
//
BIO_set_conn_hostname(bio, HOST ":" PORT);
//
// Attempts to connect the supplied BIO
//
if(BIO_do_connect(bio) <= 0)
{
printf("Failed connection\n");
return 1;
}
else
{
printf("Connected\n");
}
//
// The bare minimum to make a HTTP request.
//
char* write_buf = "POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n"
"Host: " HOST "\r\n"
"Authorization: Basic " APIKEY "\r\n"
"Connection: close\r\n"
"\r\n";
//
// Attempts to write len bytes from buf to BIO
//
if(BIO_write(bio, write_buf, strlen(write_buf)) <= 0)
{
//
// Handle failed writes here
//
if(!BIO_should_retry(bio))
{
// Not worth implementing, but worth knowing.
}
//
// -> Let us know about the failed writes
//
printf("Failed write\n");
}
//
// Variables used to read the response from the server
//
int size;
char buf[1024];
//
// Read the response message
//
for(;;)
{
//
// Get chunks of the response 1023 at the time.
//
size = BIO_read(bio, buf, 1023);
//
// If no more data, then exit the loop
//
if(size <= 0)
{
break;
}
//
// Terminate the string with a 0, to let know C when the string
// ends.
//
buf[size] = 0;
//
// -> Print out the response
//
printf("%s", buf);
}
//
// Clean after ourselves
//
BIO_free_all(bio);
SSL_CTX_free(ctx);
return 0;
}
The code above will explain in details how to establish a TLS connection with a remote server.
上面的代码将详细解释如何与远程服务器建立 TLS 连接。
Important note: this code doesn't check if the public key was signed by a valid authority. Meaning I don't use root certificates for validation. Don't forget to implement this check otherwise you won't know if you are connecting the right website
重要说明：此代码不检查公钥是否由有效机构签名。这意味着我不使用根证书进行验证。不要忘记执行此检查，否则您将不知道是否连接了正确的网站
When it comes to the request itself. It is nothing more then writing the HTTP request by hand.
当涉及到请求本身时。只不过是手动编写 HTTP 请求而已。
You can also find under this linkan explanation how to instal openSSL in your system, and how to compile the code so it uses the secure library.
回答by William Desportes
Handle added.
Added Host header.
Added linux / windows support, tested (XP,WIN7).
WARNING: ERROR : "segmentation fault" if no host,path or port as argument.
添加了句柄。
添加了主机头。
添加了 linux/windows 支持，经过测试（XP、WIN7）。
警告：错误：如果没有主机、路径或端口作为参数，则为“分段错误”。
#include <stdio.h> /* printf, sprintf */
#include <stdlib.h> /* exit, atoi, malloc, free */
#include <unistd.h> /* read, write, close */
#include <string.h> /* memcpy, memset */
#ifdef __linux__
#include <sys/socket.h> /* socket, connect */
#include <netdb.h> /* struct hostent, gethostbyname */
#include <netinet/in.h> /* struct sockaddr_in, struct sockaddr */
#elif _WIN32
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h>
#include <windows.h>
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib") //Winsock Library
#else
#endif
void error(const char *msg) { perror(msg); exit(0); }
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
int i;
struct hostent *server;
struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
int bytes, sent, received, total, message_size;
char *message, response[4096];
int portno = atoi(argv[2])>0?atoi(argv[2]):80;
char *host = strlen(argv[1])>0?argv[1]:"localhost";
char *path = strlen(argv[4])>0?argv[4]:"/";
if (argc < 5) { puts("Parameters: <host> <port> <method> <path> [<data> [<headers>]]"); exit(0); }
/* How big is the message? */
message_size=0;
if(!strcmp(argv[3],"GET"))
{
printf("Process 1\n");
message_size+=strlen("%s %s%s%s HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\n"); /* method */
message_size+=strlen(argv[3]); /* path */
message_size+=strlen(path); /* headers */
if(argc>5)
message_size+=strlen(argv[5]); /* query string */
for(i=6;i<argc;i++) /* headers */
message_size+=strlen(argv[i])+strlen("\r\n");
message_size+=strlen("\r\n"); /* blank line */
}
else
{
printf("Process 2\n");
message_size+=strlen("%s %s HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\n");
message_size+=strlen(argv[3]); /* method */
message_size+=strlen(path); /* path */
for(i=6;i<argc;i++) /* headers */
message_size+=strlen(argv[i])+strlen("\r\n");
if(argc>5)
message_size+=strlen("Content-Length: %d\r\n")+10; /* content length */
message_size+=strlen("\r\n"); /* blank line */
if(argc>5)
message_size+=strlen(argv[5]); /* body */
}
printf("Allocating...\n");
/* allocate space for the message */
message=malloc(message_size);
/* fill in the parameters */
if(!strcmp(argv[3],"GET"))
{
if(argc>5)
sprintf(message,"%s %s%s%s HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\n",
strlen(argv[3])>0?argv[3]:"GET", /* method */
path, /* path */
strlen(argv[5])>0?"?":"", /* ? */
strlen(argv[5])>0?argv[5]:"",host); /* query string */
else
sprintf(message,"%s %s HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\n",
strlen(argv[3])>0?argv[3]:"GET", /* method */
path,host); /* path */
for(i=6;i<argc;i++) /* headers */
{strcat(message,argv[i]);strcat(message,"\r\n");}
strcat(message,"\r\n"); /* blank line */
}
else
{
sprintf(message,"%s %s HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\n",
strlen(argv[3])>0?argv[3]:"POST", /* method */
path,host); /* path */
for(i=6;i<argc;i++) /* headers */
{strcat(message,argv[i]);strcat(message,"\r\n");}
if(argc>5)
sprintf(message+strlen(message),"Content-Length: %d\r\n",(int)strlen(argv[5]));
strcat(message,"\r\n"); /* blank line */
if(argc>5)
strcat(message,argv[5]); /* body */
}
printf("Processed\n");
/* What are we going to send? */
printf("Request:\n%s\n",message);
/* lookup the ip address */
total = strlen(message);
/* create the socket */
#ifdef _WIN32
WSADATA wsa;
SOCKET s;
printf("\nInitialising Winsock...");
if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2),&wsa) != 0)
{
printf("Failed. Error Code : %d",WSAGetLastError());
return 1;
}
printf("Initialised.\n");
//Create a socket
if((s = socket(AF_INET , SOCK_STREAM , 0 )) == INVALID_SOCKET)
{
printf("Could not create socket : %d" , WSAGetLastError());
}
printf("Socket created.\n");
server = gethostbyname(host);
serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(server->h_addr);
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(portno);
memset(&serv_addr,0,sizeof(serv_addr));
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(portno);
memcpy(&serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr,server->h_addr,server->h_length);
//Connect to remote server
if (connect(s , (struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr , sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0)
{
printf("connect failed with error code : %d" , WSAGetLastError());
return 1;
}
puts("Connected");
if( send(s , message , strlen(message) , 0) < 0)
{
printf("Send failed with error code : %d" , WSAGetLastError());
return 1;
}
puts("Data Send\n");
//Receive a reply from the server
if((received = recv(s , response , 2000 , 0)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("recv failed with error code : %d" , WSAGetLastError());
}
puts("Reply received\n");
//Add a NULL terminating character to make it a proper string before printing
response[received] = '##代码##';
puts(response);
closesocket(s);
WSACleanup();
#endif
#ifdef __linux__
int sockfd;
server = gethostbyname(host);
if (server == NULL) error("ERROR, no such host");
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sockfd < 0) error("ERROR opening socket");
/* fill in the structure */
memset(&serv_addr,0,sizeof(serv_addr));
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(portno);
memcpy(&serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr,server->h_addr,server->h_length);
/* connect the socket */
if (connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0)
error("ERROR connecting");
/* send the request */
sent = 0;
do {
bytes = write(sockfd,message+sent,total-sent);
if (bytes < 0)
error("ERROR writing message to socket");
if (bytes == 0)
break;
sent+=bytes;
} while (sent < total);
/* receive the response */
memset(response, 0, sizeof(response));
total = sizeof(response)-1;
received = 0;
printf("Response: \n");
do {
printf("%s", response);
memset(response, 0, sizeof(response));
bytes = recv(sockfd, response, 1024, 0);
if (bytes < 0)
printf("ERROR reading response from socket");
if (bytes == 0)
break;
received+=bytes;
} while (1);
if (received == total)
error("ERROR storing complete response from socket");
/* close the socket */
close(sockfd);
#endif
free(message);
return 0;
}
