bash 在 cron 中设置路径，以便它可以找到 ruby
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Setting path for whenever in cron so it can find ruby
提问by John Bachir
My ruby is in /usr/local/bin. whenevercan't find it, and setting PATH at the top of my cron file doesn't work either, I think because whenever is running the command inside of a new bash instance.
我的红宝石在 /usr/local/bin 中。每当找不到它，并且在我的 cron 文件顶部设置 PATH 也不起作用，我想是因为每当在新的 bash 实例中运行命令时。
# this does not work PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/sbin # Begin Whenever generated tasks for: foo 0 * * * * /bin/bash -l -c 'cd /srv/foo/releases/20110429110637 && script/rails runner -e production '\''ActiveRecord::SessionStore::Session.destroy_recent(15)'\''' # End Whenever generated tasks for: foo
How can I tell whenever where my ruby binary is? Making a symbolic link from /usr/bin seems messy to me, but I guess that might be the only option.
我怎么知道我的 ruby 二进制文件在哪里？从 /usr/bin 创建符号链接对我来说似乎很麻烦，但我想这可能是唯一的选择。
This questionoffers env :PATH, "..."in schedule.rb as a solution, but (a) I can't find any documentation of that feature anywhere in the docs (b) it doesn't seem to have solved the asker's problem (unfortunately it takes non-trivial turnaround time for me to just try it).
updateactually it is in the bottom of this page, i'll try it now.
这个问题env :PATH, "..."在 schedule.rb 中提供了一个解决方案，但是 (a) 我在文档中的任何地方都找不到该功能的任何文档 (b) 它似乎没有解决提问者的问题（不幸的是它需要非平凡周转时间让我尝试一下）。
更新实际上它在这个页面的底部，我现在就试试。
more info
更多信息
- I can't modify the cron command because it's generated by whenever
- i verified that if I make a new bash shell with
bash -l, /usr/bin/env finds ruby just fine - I just tried the exact command in cron, starting with /bin/bash, from the command line of that user, and it worked.
- 我无法修改 cron 命令，因为它是由任何时候生成的
- 我证实，如果我用
bash -l，/usr/bin/env制作一个新的 bash shell发现 ruby 就好了 - 我只是在 cron 中尝试了确切的命令，从 /bin/bash 开始，从该用户的命令行，并且它起作用了。
so, this is very mysterious...
所以，这很神秘……
回答by John Bachir
The solution is to put this in schedule.rb:
解决方案是将其放入schedule.rb：
env :PATH, ENV['PATH']
回答by shellter
rewrite your crontab as
将您的 crontab 重写为
0 * * * * { PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/sbin ; export PATH ;/bin/bash -l -c 'cd /srv/foo/releases/20110429110637 && script/rails runner -e production '\''ActiveRecord::SessionStore::Session.destroy_recent(15)'\''' ; }
Or you should try to figure out why your BASH shell is not picking the PATH=... that is almost certainly in your .profile or .bash_profile.
或者您应该尝试弄清楚为什么您的 BASH shell 没有选择 PATH=... 这几乎可以肯定在您的 .profile 或 .bash_profile 中。
I hope this helps.
我希望这有帮助。
回答by Christian Fazzini
As John Bachir pointed out, you can do it via env. But let me add more input. I am deploying on AWS Opsworks. Unfortunately they do not have a ruby manager (RVM, Rbenv, etc) installed by default.
正如 John Bachir 指出的那样，您可以通过env. 但是让我添加更多输入。我正在 AWS Opsworks 上进行部署。不幸的是，他们没有默认安装 ruby 管理器（RVM、Rbenv 等）。
The first thing I needed to do was SSH into the instance and figure out which ruby I was using. This was easy enough by executing the which rubycommand in a terminal.
我需要做的第一件事是通过 SSH 进入实例并找出我使用的是哪个 ruby。通过which ruby在终端中执行命令，这很容易。
$ which ruby
/usr/local/bin/ruby
Cron was using ruby located at /usr/bin/ruby. This needed to be changed.
Cron 正在使用位于/usr/bin/ruby. 这需要改变。
In schedule.rb, I have:
在 schedule.rb 中，我有：
set :env_path, ''
env :PATH, @env_path if @env_path.present?
In local, env_pathdoesn't need to be set. For most users, the only thing to do is execute whenever as such:
在本地，env_path不需要设置。对于大多数用户来说，唯一要做的就是在任何时候执行：
bundle exec whenever --set 'environment=development' --update-crontab
On a staging / production environment, ruby may be installed elsewhere. So running this may be more appropriate:
在临时/生产环境中，ruby 可能安装在其他地方。所以运行这个可能更合适：
bundle exec whenever --set 'environment=staging&env_path=/usr/bin/local' --update-crontab
You will need to replace /usr/bin/localwith the output of echo $PATH.
您将需要替换/usr/bin/local为echo $PATH.
In Opsworks, however, I needed to create a custom Chef recipe that looked like:
然而，在 Opsworks 中，我需要创建一个自定义的 Chef 配方，如下所示：
node[:deploy].each do |application, deploy|
execute 'whenever' do
user 'deploy'
group 'nginx'
cwd "#{deploy[:deploy_to]}/current"
command "bundle exec whenever --set 'environment=#{deploy[:environment_variables][:RAILS_ENV]}&env_path=#{ENV['PATH']}' --update-crontab"
end
end
I hope the information here is clear enough.
我希望这里的信息足够清楚。
