bash grep +A：匹配后打印所有内容
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grep +A: print everything after match
提问by B.Mr.W.
Hi I have a file contains a list of urls, looks like below:
嗨，我有一个包含网址列表的文件，如下所示：
file1:
文件 1：
http://www.google.com
http://www.bing.com
http://www.yahoo.com
http://www.baidu.com
http://www.yandex.com
....
I want to get all the records after: http://www.yahoo.com, results looks like below:
我想在http://www.yahoo.com之后获取所有记录，结果如下所示：
file2:
文件2：
http://www.baidu.com
http://www.yandex.com
....
I know that I could use grep to find the line number of where yahoo.com lies using
我知道我可以使用 grep 来查找 yahoo.com 所在位置的行号
$grep -n 'http://www.yahoo.com' file1
3 http://www.yahoo.com
But I don't know how to get the file after line number 3. Also, I know there is a flag in grep -A print the lines after your match. However, you need to specify how many lines you want after the match. I am wondering is there something to get around that issue. Like:
但我不知道如何在第 3 行之后获取文件。另外，我知道 grep -A 中有一个标志，在匹配后打印行。但是，您需要指定匹配后需要多少行。我想知道有什么办法可以解决这个问题。喜欢：
PSEUDO CODE:
$ grep -n 'http://www.yahoo.com' -A all file1 > file2
I know we could use the line number I got and wc -l to get the number of lines after yahoo.com, however.. feels pretty lame.
我知道我们可以使用我得到的行号和 wc -l 来获取 yahoo.com 之后的行数，但是……感觉很蹩脚。
Looking forward to a handy and easy solution. Feel free criticizing me for complexifying the problem right at the beginning and awk and sed commands are also welcome!
期待一个方便和简单的解决方案。随意批评我一开始就把问题复杂化了，也欢迎使用 awk 和 sed 命令！
回答by Hai Vu
Awk
awk
If you don't mind using awk:
如果您不介意使用 awk：
awk '/yahoo/{y=1;next}y' data.txt
This script has two parts:
这个脚本有两部分：
/yahoo/ { y = 1; next }
y
The first part states that if we encounter a line with yahoo, we set the variable y=1, then skip that line (the nextcommand will jump to the next line, thus skip any further processing on the current line). Without the nextcommand, the line yahoowill be printed.
第一部分指出，如果遇到带有yahoo的行，我们设置变量 y=1，然后跳过该行（该next命令将跳到下一行，从而跳过当前行的任何进一步处理）。如果没有该next命令，将打印yahoo行。
The second part is a short hand for:
第二部分是以下内容的简写：
y != 0 { print }
Which means, for each line, if variable y is non-zero, we print that line. In awk, if you refer to a variable, that variable will be created and is either zero or empty string, depending on context. Before encounter yahoo, variable y is 0, so the script does not print anything. After encounter yahoo, y is 1, so every line after that will be printed.
这意味着，对于每一行，如果变量 y 不为零，我们将打印该行。在 awk 中，如果您引用一个变量，则该变量将被创建并且是零或空字符串，具体取决于上下文。在遇到yahoo之前，变量 y 为 0，因此脚本不打印任何内容。遇到yahoo 后， y 为 1，因此将打印之后的每一行。
Sed
sed
Or, using sed, the following will delete everything up to and including the line with yahoo:
或者，使用sed，以下内容将删除包括雅虎行在内的所有内容：
sed '1,/yahoo/d' data.txt
回答by zwol
This is much easier done with sedthan grep. sedcan apply any of its one-letter commands to an inclusive range of lines; the general syntax for this is
这sed比grep. sed可以将其任何单字母命令应用于包含的行范围；这个的一般语法是
START , STOP COMMAND
except without any spaces. STARTand STOPcan each be a number (meaning "line number N", starting from 1); a dollar sign (meaning "the end of the file"), or a regexp enclosed in slashes, meaning "the first line that matches this regexp". (The exact rules are slightly more complicated; the GNU sedmanual has more detail.)
除了没有任何空格。 START并且STOP每个都可以是一个数字（意思是“行号 N”，从 1 开始）；一个美元符号（意思是“文件的结尾”），或者用斜杠括起来的正则表达式，意思是“与这个正则表达式匹配的第一行”。（确切的规则稍微复杂一些；GNUsed手册有更多细节。）
So, you can do what you want like so:
所以，你可以做你想做的事：
sed -n -e '/http:\/\/www\.yahoo\.com/,$p' file1 > file2
The -nmeans "don't print anything unless specifically told to", and the -edirective means "from the first appearance of a line that matches the regexp /http:\/\/www\.yahoo\.com/to the end of the file, print."
的-n意思是“不打印任何东西，除非特别告知”和-e“从行正则表达式匹配的首次亮相指令手段/http:\/\/www\.yahoo\.com/到文件的末尾，pRINT。”
This will include the line with http://www.yahoo.com/on it in the output. If you want everything after that point but not that line itself, the easiest way to do that is to invert the operation:
这将包括http://www.yahoo.com/输出中带有的行。如果您想要该点之后的所有内容而不是该行本身，最简单的方法是反转操作：
sed -e '1,/http:\/\/www\.yahoo\.com/d' file1 > file2
which means "for line 1 through the first line matching the regexp /http:\/\/www\.yahoo\.com/, delete the line" (and then, implicitly, print everything else; note that -nis notused this time).
该装置“为线1通过匹配正则表达式的第一行/http:\/\/www\.yahoo\.com/，delete行”（然后，隐式，打印一切;请注意，-n在不使用该时间）。
回答by Steven Penny
awk '/yahoo/ ? c++ : c' file1
Or golfed
或打高尔夫球
awk '/yahoo/?c++:c' file1
Result
结果
http://www.baidu.com http://www.yandex.com
回答by tchrist
This is most easily done in Perl:
这在 Perl 中最容易完成：
perl -ne 'print unless 1 .. m(http://www\.yahoo\.com)' file
In other words, print all lines that aren'tbetween line 1 and the first occurrence of that pattern.
换句话说，打印所有不在第 1 行和该模式第一次出现之间的行。
回答by user1502952
using script
使用脚本
#get index of yahoo word
index=`grep -n "yahoo" filepath | cut -d':' -f1`
#get total number of lines in file
totallines=`wc -l filepath | cut -d' ' -f1`
#subtract totallines with index
result=`expr $total - $index`
#gives the desired output
grep -A $result "yahoo" filepath
