bash Linux 按列合并两个文件
声明：本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要使用它，必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可，注明原文地址和作者信息，同时你必须将它归于原作者（不是我）：StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/25652252/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
Linux Combine two files by column
提问by clear.choi
I am trying to combine two files as below (Intersection)
我正在尝试将两个文件组合如下（交集）
ID Name Telephone
1 John 011
2 Sam 013
3 Jena 014
4 Peter 015
Second file Test2.txt
第二个文件 Test2.txt
1 Test1 Test2
2 Test3 Test4
3 Test5 Test6
4 Test7 Test8
5 Test7 Test8
6 Test7 Test8
7 Test7 Test8
8 Test7 Test8
9 Test7 Test8
Then Final result
然后最终结果
ID Name Telephone Remark1 Remark2
1 John 011 Test1 Test2
2 Sam 013 Test3 Test4
3 Jena 014 Test5 Test6
4 Peter 015 Test7 Test8
I did like this as below,
我喜欢这个，如下所示，
awk -F"\t" '
{key = }
NR == 1 {header = key}
!(key in result) {result[key] = $ awk -v OFS='\t' '
NR==1 { print $ cat a.txt
ID Name Telephone
1 John 011
2 Sam 013
3 Jena 014
4 Peter 015
$ cat b.txt
ID Remark1 Remark2
1 Test1 Test2
2 Test3 Test4
3 Test5 Test6
4 Test7 Test8
5 Test7 Test8
6 Test7 Test8
7 Test7 Test8
8 Test7 Test8
9 Test7 Test8
$ join a.txt b.txt
ID Name Telephone Remark1 Remark2
1 John 011 Test1 Test2
2 Sam 013 Test3 Test4
3 Jena 014 Test5 Test6
4 Peter 015 Test7 Test8
, "Remark1", "Remark2"; next }
NR==FNR { a[]=$ join a.txt b.txt | column -t
ID Name Telephone Remark1 Remark2
1 John 011 Test1 Test2
2 Sam 013 Test3 Test4
3 Jena 014 Test5 Test6
4 Peter 015 Test7 Test8
; next }
in a { print a[], , }
' Test1.txt Test2.txt
ID Name Telephone Remark1 Remark2
1 John 011 Test1 Test2
2 Sam 013 Test3 Test4
3 Jena 014 Test5 Test6
4 Peter 015 Test7 Test8
; next}
{ for (i=2; i <= NF; i++) result[key] = result[key] FS $i }
END {
print result[header]
delete result[header]
PROCINFO["sorted_in"] = "@ind_str_asc"
for (key in result) print result[key]
}
' Test1.txt Test2.txt > result.txt
And I just notice that this is Union set. Including all data Test1 and Test2.
我只是注意到这是联盟集。包括所有数据Test1和Test2。
I would like to show only for Intersection case as what I expected result. (1, 2 ,3 ,4) only
我只想将 Intersection 情况显示为我预期的结果。(1, 2 ,3 ,4) 仅
Do you guys have any idea? Thanks!
你们有什么想法吗？谢谢！
采纳答案by Ed Morton
$ pr -tm -w 50 Test1.txt Test2.txt
ID Name Telephone ID Remark1 Remark2
1 John 011 1 Test1 Test2
2 Sam 013 2 Test3 Test4
3 Jena 014 3 Test5 Test6
4 Peter 015 4 Test7 Test8
5 Test7 Test8
6 Test7 Test8
7 Test7 Test8
8 Test7 Test8
9 Test7 Test8
回答by damienfrancois
It is far easier to use the joincommand:
使用join命令要容易得多 ：
awk -F"\t" '
{key = FS FS FS }
NR == 1 {header = key}
!(key in result) {result[key] = ##代码##; next}
{ for (i=5; i <= NF; i++) result[key] = result[key] FS $i }
END {
print result[header]
delete result[header]
PROCINFO["sorted_in"] = "@ind_str_asc" # if using GNU awk
for (key in result) print result[key]
}
' Test1.txt Test2.txt ... > result.txt
Use the columncommand to pretty print it:
使用column命令来漂亮地打印它：
回答by Ed Morton
Another alternative would be prwhich is used for formating files to print.
另一种选择pr是用于格式化要打印的文件。
The most important is the mflag which merges files into columns. The tflag removes headers and footers - since we're not going to print on paper, we don't need them. The last wflag is for setting width.
最重要的是m将文件合并为列的标志。该t标志会删除页眉和页脚 - 因为我们不打算在纸上打印，所以我们不需要它们。最后一个w标志用于设置宽度。
