Java Spring Boot：自动装配具体类时“找不到类型的合格bean...找到”
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Spring Boot: "No qualifying bean of type... found" when autowiring concrete class
提问by rabejens
I am writing a component using Spring Boot and Spring Boot JPA. I have a setup like this:
我正在使用 Spring Boot 和 Spring Boot JPA 编写一个组件。我有这样的设置：
The interface:
界面：
public interface Something {
// method definitions
}
The implementation:
实施：
@Component
public class SomethingImpl implements Something {
// implementation
}
Now, I have a JUnit test which runs with SpringJUnit4ClassRunner, and I want to test my SomethingImplwith this.
现在，我有一个使用 运行的 JUnit 测试SpringJUnit4ClassRunner，我想SomethingImpl用它来测试我的。
When I do
当我做
@Autowired
private Something _something;
it works, but
它有效，但是
@Autowired
private SomethingImpl _something;
causes the test to fail throwing a NoSuchBeanDefinitionExceptionwith the message No qualifying bean of type [com.example.SomethingImpl] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
导致测试失败并抛出NoSuchBeanDefinitionException带有消息的 aNo qualifying bean of type [com.example.SomethingImpl] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
But in the test case, I want to explicitlyinject my SomethingImplbecause it is the class I want to test. How to I achieve this?
但是在测试用例中，我想显式注入 mySomethingImpl因为它是我要测试的类。我如何实现这一目标？
采纳答案by Jens
If you want a special bean you have to use the @Qualifierannotation:
如果你想要一个特殊的 bean，你必须使用@Qualifier注释：
@Autowired
@Qualifier("SomethingImpl")
private Something _something;
回答by rabejens
I figured out you can do the same with a javax.injectstyle DI:
我发现你可以用javax.inject样式 DI做同样的事情：
@Named("myConcreteThing")
public class SomethingImpl implements Something { ... }
Where you want to inject it:
你想注入它的地方：
@Inject
@Named("myConcreteThing")
private Something _something;
This is correctly picked up by @EnableAutoConfigurationand @ComponentScan.
这是由@EnableAutoConfiguration和正确拾取的@ComponentScan。
回答by Ravi Macha
I think you need to add @Service in implementing class.. like
我认为您需要在实现类中添加 @Service .. 喜欢
@Service
public class SomethingImpl implements Something {
// implementation
}
@Service
public class SomethingImpl implements Something {
// implementation
}
回答by Ramzi Guetiti
I had the same issue and I could resolve the issue by adding component scan path to the Application class as below:
我遇到了同样的问题，我可以通过向 Application 类添加组件扫描路径来解决这个问题，如下所示：
@ComponentScan(basePackages= {"xx.xx"})
