bash Bash如何将单词附加到行尾？
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Bash how to append word to end of a line?
提问by Palace Chan
I have executed a command in bash to retrieve some addresses from a file like this:
我在 bash 中执行了一个命令来从这样的文件中检索一些地址：
grep address file.txt | cut -d'=' -f2 | tr ':' ' '
yields:
产量：
xxx.xx.xx.xxx port1
xxx.xx.xx.xxx port2
and I would like to append ' eth0' to each of those output lines and then ideally for loop over the result to call a command with each line. Problem I'm having is getting that extra string in the end to each line. I tried:
我想将“ eth0”附加到每个输出行，然后理想地循环结果以对每一行调用命令。我遇到的问题是在每一行的最后得到那个额外的字符串。我试过：
| sed -e 's/\(.+)\n/ eth0/g'
which didn't work..and then supposing I got it there, if I wrap it in a for loop it won't pass in the full lines since they contain spaces. So how do I go about this?
这不起作用..然后假设我得到了它，如果我将它包装在 for 循环中，它不会传递整行，因为它们包含空格。那么我该怎么做呢？
回答by FatalError
You can match $to append to a line, like:
您可以匹配$以附加到一行，例如：
sed -e 's/$/ eth0/'
EDIT:
编辑：
To loop over the lines, I'd suggest using a whileloop, like:
要遍历这些行，我建议使用while循环，例如：
while read line
do
# Do your thing with $line
done < <(grep address file.txt | cut -d'=' -f2 | tr ':' ' ' | sed -e 's/$/ eth0')
回答by Chris Seymour
How about just using awk:
如何只使用awk：
awk -F= '/address/{gsub(/:/," ");print ,"eth0"}' file
Demo:
演示：
$ cat file
junk line
address=192.168.0.12:80
address=127.0.0.1:25
don not match this line
$ awk -F= '/address/{gsub(/:/," ");print ,"eth0"}' file
192.168.0.12 80 eth0
127.0.0.1 25 eth0
Or just with sed:
或者只是使用sed：
$ sed -n '/address/{s/:/ /g;s/.*=//;s/$/ eth0/p}' file
192.168.0.12 80 eth0
127.0.0.1 80 eth0
回答by Ed Morton
All you need is:
所有你需要的是：
awk -F'[=:]' '{print , , "eth0"}' file.txt |
while IFS= read -r ip port eth
do
printf "ip=%s, port=%s, eth=%s\n" "$ip" "$port" "$eth"
done
Always use IFS= and -r when using read unless you have a very specific reason not to. google for why.
使用 read 时总是使用 IFS= 和 -r ，除非您有非常具体的理由不这样做。谷歌为什么。
回答by pedram bashiri
typeset TMP_FILE=$( mktemp )
touch "${TMP_FILE}"
cp -p filename "${TMP_FILE}"
sed -e 's/$/stringToAdd/' "${TMP_FILE}" > filename
回答by Calvin Taylor
I came here looking for the same answer, but none of the above do it as clean as
我来到这里寻找相同的答案，但上面没有一个像
sed -i 's/address=.*/& eth0/g' file
Search and replace inline with sed for lines begining with address, replace with the same line plus 'eth0'
搜索并用 sed 内联替换以地址开头的行，替换为同一行加上 'eth0'
eg.
例如。
sed -i 's/address=.*/& eth0/g' file; cat file
junk line
address=192.168.0.12:80 eth0
address=127.0.0.1:25 eth0
don not match this line
回答by Kent
is this ok for you?
这对你好吗？
kent$ echo "xxx.xx.xx.xxx port1
xxx.xx.xx.xxx port2"|sed 's/.*/& eth0/'
xxx.xx.xx.xxx port1 eth0
xxx.xx.xx.xxx port2 eth0
P.S you could merge your cut, tr (even grep in your example) into one sed/awk call, to make the cmdline simpler and faster.
PS，您可以将您的剪辑、tr（甚至在您的示例中为 grep）合并到一个 sed/awk 调用中，以使 cmdline 更简单、更快。
