string 在 Perl 中将字符串变量附加到固定字符串
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Appending a string variable to a fixed string in Perl
提问by dgBP
I have a variable that is entered at a prompt:
我有一个在提示下输入的变量：
my $name = <>;
I want to append a fixed string '_one'to this (in a separate variable).
我想为此附加一个固定字符串'_one'（在一个单独的变量中）。
E.g. if $name = Smiththen it becomes 'Smith_one'
例如，如果$name = Smith它变成'Smith_one'
I have tried several various ways which do not give me the right results, such as:
我尝试了几种不同的方法，但没有给我正确的结果，例如：
my $one = "${name}_one";
^ The _oneappears on the next line when I print it out and when I use it, the _one is not included at all.
^_one打印出来时出现在下一行，当我使用它时， _one 根本不包括在内。
Also:
还：
my $one = $name."_one";
^ The '_one'appears at the beginningof the string.
^'_one'出现在字符串的开头。
And:
和：
my $end = '_one';
my $one = $name.$end;
or
my $one = "$name$end";
None of these produce the result I want, so I must be missing something related to how the input is formatted from the prompt, perhaps. Ideas appreciated!
这些都没有产生我想要的结果，所以我必须遗漏一些与提示中输入的格式有关的东西，也许。想法赞赏！
回答by amon
Your problem is unrelated to string appending: When you read a line (e.g. via <>), then the record input separator is includedin that string; this is usually a newline \n. To remove the newline, chompthe variable:
您的问题与字符串追加无关：当您读取一行（例如 via <>）时，记录输入分隔符包含在该字符串中；这通常是一个换行符\n。要删除换行符，chomp变量：
my $name = <STDIN>; # better use explicit filehandle unless you know what you are doing
# now $name eq "Smith\n"
chomp $name;
# now $name eq "Smith"
To interpolate a variable into a string, you usually don't need the ${name}syntax you used. These lines will all append _oneto your string and create a new string:
要将变量插入到字符串中，通常不需要使用的${name}语法。这些行都将附加_one到您的字符串并创建一个新字符串：
"${name}_one" # what you used
"$name\_one" # _ must be escaped, else the variable $name_one would be interpolated
$name . "_one"
sprintf "%s_one", $name
# etc.
And this will append _oneto your string and still store it in $name:
这将附加_one到您的字符串并仍将其存储在$name：
$name .= "_one"
