bash 如何使用 ulimit 限制进程的运行时间？
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how do I limit the running time of a process using ulimit?
提问by user2839463
I am trying to use ulimit, a feature of the bash shell, to limit the time that a program is allowed to run. For example, I tried this:
我正在尝试使用ulimitbash shell 的一个功能来限制允许程序运行的时间。例如，我试过这个：
$ ( ulimit -t 1; ./a.out )
But it does not work. it lets the ./a.outprogram run until it stops (5 seconds).
Anybody know how to do this? By the way, I experimented with including a -Hon the ulimitcommand line, but it just gives this error:
但它不起作用。它让./a.out程序运行直到它停止（5 秒）。有人知道怎么做吗？顺便说一句，我尝试-H在ulimit命令行中包含 a ，但它只是给出了这个错误：
bash: ulimit: cpu time: cannot modify limit: Operation not permitted
Thanks.
谢谢。
回答by ThisSuitIsBlackNot
ulimitcannot limit program run time, only CPU time. If you have GNU Coreutils, you can use the timeoutcommand instead:
ulimit不能限制程序运行时间，只能限制 CPU 时间。如果您有GNU Coreutils，则可以改用timeout命令：
timeout 1s ./a.out
This will killyour program after one second. You can specify the signal to send using -sor --signal, e.g.
这将kill在一秒钟后你的程序。您可以使用-s或指定要发送的信号--signal，例如
timeout --signal=HUP 1s ./a.out
