bash 如何查找除给定名称之外的文件？
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How to find files except given name?
提问by user2818137
I have a dir with:
我有一个目录：
- bla-bla-bla1.tar.7z
- bla-bla-bla2.tar.7z
- bla-bla-bla3.tar.7z
- _bla-bla-bla_foo.tar.7z
- bla-bla-bla1.tar.7z
- bla-bla-bla2.tar.7z
- bla-bla-bla3.tar.7z
- _bla-bla-bla_foo.tar.7z
I need to find and delete all files ".7z" except "_.7z"
我需要查找并删除除“_.7z”之外的所有文件“ .7z”
I use find /backups/ -name "*.7z" -type f -mtime +180 -delete
我使用 find /backups/ -name "*.7z" -type f -mtime +180 -delete
How i can do it?
我该怎么做？
回答by chepner
Another approach is to use an additional, negated primary with find:
另一种方法是使用一个额外的、否定的主find：
find /backups/ -name "*.7z" ! -name '_.7z' -type f -mtime +180 -delete
The simple regex in the other answers is better for your use case, but this demonstrates a more general approach using the !operator available to find.
其他答案中的简单正则表达式更适合您的用例，但这演示了使用!可用于find.
回答by shx2
In regular expressions, the ^operator means "any character except for". Thus [^_]means "any character except for _". E.g.:
在正则表达式中，^运算符的意思是“任何字符除外”。因此[^_]表示“除 _ 之外的任何字符”。例如：
"[^_]*.7z"
So, if your intention is to exclude files startingwith _, your full command line would be:
所以，如果你的目的是要排除的文件开始使用_，您的完整的命令行应该是：
find /backups/ -name "[^_]*.7z" -type f -mtime +180 -delete
If you'd like to exclude anyoccerance of _, you can use the andand notoperators of find, like:
如果您想排除 的任何occerance _，您可以使用 的and和not运算符find，例如：
find . -name "*.7z" -and -not -name "*_*"
回答by Nancy
It should be
它应该是
find . -name "*[^_].7z"
回答by Sahil M
A quick way given you have bash 4.2.25, is to simply use bash pattern matching to remove all .7z, but the ones having _.7z, like this:
给定 bash 4.2.25 的一种快速方法是简单地使用 bash 模式匹配来删除所有 .7z，但具有 _.7z 的那些，如下所示：
touch a.7z b.7z c.7z d_.7z e_.7z f.txt
rm *[^_].7z
