bash 如何从命令行将每两行合并为一行？
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How to merge every two lines into one from the command line?
提问by shantanuo
I have a text file with the following format. The first line is the "KEY" and the second line is the "VALUE".
我有一个具有以下格式的文本文件。第一行是“KEY”，第二行是“VALUE”。
KEY 4048:1736 string
3
KEY 0:1772 string
1
KEY 4192:1349 string
1
KEY 7329:2407 string
2
KEY 0:1774 string
1
I need the value in the same line as of the key. So the output should look like this...
我需要与键在同一行中的值。所以输出应该是这样的......
KEY 4048:1736 string 3
KEY 0:1772 string 1
KEY 4192:1349 string 1
KEY 7329:2407 string 2
KEY 0:1774 string 1
It will be better if I could use some delimiter like $or ,:
如果我可以使用像$或这样的分隔符会更好,：
KEY 4048:1736 string , 3
How do I merge two lines into one?
如何将两行合二为一？
回答by glenn Hymanman
pasteis good for this job:
paste适合这份工作：
paste -d " " - - < filename
回答by Kent
awk:
awk：
awk 'NR%2{printf "%s ",sed 'N;s/\n/ /' yourFile
;next;}1' yourFile
note, there is an empty line at the end of output.
请注意，输出末尾有一个空行。
sed:
sed：
xargs -n2 -d'\n'
回答by nnog
Alternative to sed, awk, grep:
sed、awk、grep 的替代：
awk '{key=while read line1; do read line2; echo "$line1, $line2"; done < data.txt
; getline; print key ", " sed -n '/KEY/{
N
s/\n/ /p
}' somefile.txt
;}'
This is best when you want to join N lines and you only need space delimited output.
当您想要连接 N 行并且您只需要空格分隔的输出时，这是最好的。
My original answer was xargs -n2which separates on words rather than lines. -dcan be used to split the input by any single character.
我最初的答案是xargs -n2用单词而不是行分隔。-d可用于按任何单个字符拆分输入。
回答by ghoti
There are more ways to kill a dog than hanging. [1]
杀死狗的方法比绞死的要多。[1]
awk 'ORS=NR%2?FS:RS' file
Put whatever delimiter you like inside the quotes.
将您喜欢的任何分隔符放在引号内。
References:
参考：
- Originally "Plenty of ways to skin the cat", reverted to an older, potentially originating expression that also has nothing to do with pets.
- 最初是“给猫剥皮的多种方法”，后来恢复为一个较旧的、可能起源的表达，也与宠物无关。
回答by Hai Vu
Here is my solution in bash:
这是我在 bash 中的解决方案：
$ cat file
KEY 4048:1736 string
3
KEY 0:1772 string
1
KEY 4192:1349 string
1
KEY 7329:2407 string
2
KEY 0:1774 string
1
回答by J.D.
Although it seems the previous solutions would work, if a single anomaly occurs in the document the output would go to pieces. Below is a bit safer.
尽管以前的解决方案似乎可行，但如果文档中出现单个异常，输出将变得碎片化。下面稍微安全一点。
$ awk 'ORS=NR%2?FS:RS' file
KEY 4048:1736 string 3
KEY 0:1772 string 1
KEY 4192:1349 string 1
KEY 7329:2407 string 2
KEY 0:1774 string 1
回答by jaypal singh
Here is another way with awk:
这是另一种方式awk：
awk '{ ORS = (NR%2 ? FS : RS) } 1' file
awk '{ ORS = (NR%2 ? "," : RS) } 1' file
ex -c "%g/KEY/j" -c "wq" data.txt
As indicated by Ed Mortonin the comments, it is better to add braces for safety and parens for portability.
正如Ed Morton在评论中指出的那样，最好添加括号以确保安全并添加括号以提高便携性。
awk '{ if (NR%2 != 0) line=perl -0pe 's/(.*)\n(.*)\n/ \n/g' file.txt
; else {printf("%s %s\n", line, ##代码##); line="";} } \
END {if (length(line)) print line;}' flle
ORSstands for Output Record Separator. What we are doing here is testing a condition using the NRwhich stores the line number. If the modulo of NRis a true value (>0) then we set the Output Field Separator to the value of FS(Field Separator) which by default is space, else we assign the value of RS(Record Separator) which is newline.
ORS代表输出记录分隔符。我们在这里所做的是使用NR存储行号的来测试条件。如果模数为NR真值 (>0)，那么我们将输出字段分隔符设置为FS(Field Separator)的值，默认情况下为空格，否则我们分配RS(Record Separator)的值，即换行符。
If you wish to add ,as the separator then use the following:
如果您希望添加,为分隔符，请使用以下内容：
回答by Justin
"ex" is a scriptable line editor that is in the same family as sed, awk, grep, etc. I think it might be what you are looking for. Many modern vi clone/successors also have a vi mode.
“ex”是一个可编写脚本的行编辑器，与 sed、awk、grep 等属于同一家族。我认为它可能正是您要找的。许多现代 vi 克隆/后继者也有 vi 模式。
##代码##This says for each line, if it matches "KEY" perform a join of the following line. After that command completes (against all lines), issue a write and quit.
这说的每一行，如果匹配“KEY”执行ĴOIN以下行的。该命令完成（对所有线）后，发出W¯¯仪式和qUIT。
回答by anubhava
You can use awk like this to combine ever 2 pair of lines:
您可以像这样使用 awk 来组合两对线：
##代码##回答by andrefs
If Perl is an option, you can try:
如果 Perl 是一个选项，您可以尝试：
##代码##