bash 具有多种颜色的 Grep 输出？
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Grep output with multiple Colors?
提问by Evil Genius
Is there an elegant method in bash for running grepagainst a text file with two or more patterns, and each pattern that matches is output in a different color?
bash 中是否有一种优雅的方法来grep针对具有两个或多个模式的文本文件运行，并且每个匹配的模式都以不同的颜色输出？
So a line that matches on MALEand AUGUSTwould output MALEin blue and AUGUSTin orange?
I am open to the use of sed, awk, grepand crayons or others.
那么匹配MALE并以蓝色和橙色AUGUST输出的行？我打开使用，，和蜡笔或其他人。MALEAUGUSTsedawkgrep
回答by Rob Windsor
You can cascade greps with different colors by specifying --color=always and using the regular expression 'foo|$' to pass all lines.
您可以通过指定 --color=always 并使用正则表达式 'foo|$' 传递所有行来级联具有不同颜色的 grep。
For example:
例如：
tail -f myfwlog | GREP_COLOR='01;36' egrep --color=always 'ssh|$' | GREP_COLOR='01;31' egrep -i --color=always 'drop|deny|$'
If you want the entire line to be highlighted, update your regular expression accordingly:
如果要突出显示整行，请相应地更新正则表达式：
.... GREP_COLOR='01;31' egrep -i --color=always '^.*drop.*$|^.*deny.*$|$'
回答by chepner
grepis a regular expression matcher, not a syntax highlighter :). You'll have to use multiple invocations of grep, using a different value of GREP_COLORfor each.
grep是正则表达式匹配器，而不是语法高亮器:)。您必须多次调用grep，并GREP_COLOR为每个调用使用不同的值。
GREP_COLOR="1;32" grep foo file.txt | GREP_COLOR="1;36" grep bar
That would highlight "foo" and "bar" in different colors in lines that match both. I don't think there is a (simple) way to handle alloccurrences of either pattern, short of merging the output stream of two independent calls:
这将在匹配两者的行中以不同颜色突出显示“foo”和“bar”。我认为除了合并两个独立调用的输出流之外，没有一种（简单的）方法来处理任一模式的所有出现：
{ GREP_COLOR="1;32" grep foo file.txt
GREP_COLOR="1;36" grep bar file.txt
} | ...
which will obviously look different than if there were a way to assign a separate color to each regular expression.
如果有一种方法可以为每个正则表达式分配单独的颜色，这显然会有所不同。
You can use awkto substitute each match with itself wrapped in the correct control code.
您可以使用awk包装在正确控制代码中的自身替换每个匹配项。
echo "foo bar" | awk '{ gsub("bar", "3[1;33m&3[0m");
gsub("foo", "3[1;36m&3[0m"); print }'
In each line, you globally replace anything matching the given regular expression with itself (&) wrapped in the ANSI escape sequences for desired color (which grep --colordoes for you). After processing all of the possible matches, you need to explicitly print the line.
在每一行中，您将与给定正则表达式匹配的任何内容全局替换为自己 ( &) 包裹在所需颜色的 ANSI 转义序列中（这grep --color对您有用）。处理完所有可能的匹配项后，您需要显式打印该行。
回答by Ehtesh Choudhury
If you want something out of the box, you're probably looking for hhighlighter.
如果您想要开箱即用的东西，您可能正在寻找hhighlighter。
Here's an example:
下面是一个例子：
Take a look. It's incredibly useful for coloring words in different colors automatically. It's an impressive project that's built on top of ack.
看一看。它对于自动为不同颜色的单词着色非常有用。这是一个令人印象深刻的项目，它建立在ack之上。
回答by Bush
I had the need to highlight strings in text files, and did not find a way that suited my needs, so I wrote a simple C program to colorize strings matching regular expressions.
我需要突出显示文本文件中的字符串，但没有找到适合我需要的方法，所以我编写了一个简单的 C 程序来为匹配正则表达式的字符串着色。
You can download the source code from GitHub :
您可以从 GitHub 下载源代码：
git clone http://github.com/mbornet-hl/hl
then :
然后 ：
cd hl/cr; make
Here is the usage :
这是用法：
hl: version 1.21
Usage: hl [-h|-eidD][-E][-rgybmcwRGYBMCW] regexp ...
-h : help
-v : version
-u : do not bufferize output on stdout
-e : extended regular expressions
-i : ignore case
-E : print on stderr
-r : red
-g : green
-y : yellow
-b : blue
-m : magenta
-c : cyan
-w : white
-R : red (reverse video)
-G : green (reverse video)
-Y : yellow (reverse video)
-B : blue (reverse video)
-M : magenta (reverse video)
-C : cyan (reverse video)
-W : white (reverse video)
-d : debug
-D : display regular expressions
To colorize the word "red" in red, and the word "blue" in blue, you just have to type in the following command :
要将单词“red”着色为红色，将单词“blue”着色为蓝色，您只需输入以下命令：
echo "red blue red blue" | hl -r red -b blue
and here is an example to highlight the output of the ifconfig command :
这是一个突出显示 ifconfig 命令输出的示例：
hl -ei -m '^(eth|(vir)?br|vnet)[0-9.]*:[0-9]+\>' \
-b '^(eth|(vir)?br|vnet)[0-9.]*\.[0-9]+\>' \
-c '([0-9a-f]{2}:){5}[0-9a-f]{2}' \
-g '\<UP\>|\<RUNNING\>|([0-9]{1,3}\.){3}[0-9]{1,3}\>' \
-y '^(eth|(vir)?br|vnet)[0-9.:]*\>' \
-W '[0-9a-f]{4}::[0-9a-f]{4}\:[0-9a-f]{4}:[0-9a-f]{4}:[0-9a-f]{4}' \
-r ' (errors|dropped|overruns):[^0][0-9]*'
The order in which you specify the colors is important : if a string matches several regular expressions, the 1st one as a higher priority than the 2nd one, the 2nd one as a higher priority than the 3rd one, and so on ...
指定颜色的顺序很重要：如果一个字符串匹配多个正则表达式，第一个的优先级高于第二个，第二个的优先级高于第三个，依此类推......
Hope This Helps.
希望这可以帮助。
回答by cray
Try the wonderful rpen http://github.com/rtulke/rpen
尝试美妙的 rpen http://github.com/rtulke/rpen
require egrep or grep
Now you need to copy the rpen.pyfile into the right folder and give it appropraite rights
现在您需要将rpen.py文件复制到正确的文件夹中并赋予它适当的权限
cp rpen.py /usr/local/bin/rpen
chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/rpen
then try
然后尝试
ps xau |rpen Ss "S\+" "\?\?"
回答by mikeymouse
So here's the version(s) using sed. Let's say you want the word "FAILED" to be colored red, that would be:
所以这是使用 sed 的版本。假设您希望将“失败”一词涂成红色，那就是：
sed 's/\(ERROR\)/\o033[31m\o033[39m/'
To have the whole line containing the word "FAILED" marked in red:
要将包含“FAILED”一词的整行标记为红色：
sed 's/\(.*ERROR.*\)/\o033[31m\o033[39m/'
To have multiple words marked red:
要将多个单词标记为红色：
sed 's/\(ERROR\|FAILED\)/\o033[31m\o033[39m/'
To have multiple words and their wohle lines marked in red:
将多个单词及其整行标记为红色：
sed 's/\(.*FAILED.*\|.*ERROR.*\)/\o033[31m\o033[39m/'
To have multiple colors (ERROR=red/FAILED=blue)
有多种颜色（错误=红色/失败=蓝色）
sed -e 's/\(ERROR\)/\o033[31m\o033[39m/' -e 's/\(FAILED\)/\o033[34m\o033[39m/'
To use all this over ssh:
要通过 ssh 使用所有这些：
ssh user@host -t "tail -n 1024 -f /some/log/file | sed --unbuffered -e 's/\(.*ERROR.*\|.*FAILED.*\)/\o033[31m\o033[39m/' -e 's/\(.*postfix.*\|.*dhcpd.*\)/\o033[32m\o033[39m/'"
And for not having to type this everytime, just declare it as a function in your bashrc.
而且不必每次都输入，只需在 bashrc 中将其声明为函数即可。
For other colors look up ANSI codes.
对于其他颜色，请查找 ANSI 代码。
回答by treulz
回答by Ramin Ismayilli
My answer is below:
我的回答如下：
tailf logfile awk '/MALE/' {print "3[34m" echo "you make it" > tmp
echo "you take it" >> tmp
echo "you cake it" >> tmp
echo "you bake it" >> tmp
echo "you wake it" >> tmp
GREP_COLOR='1;32' grep -P "(take|cake|bake)" --color=always tmp | GREP_COLOR='1;33' grep -P "(cake|bake)" --color=always -A10000 -B10000 | GREP_COLOR='1;34' grep -P "(bake)" --color=always -A10000 -B10000
"3[39m"} '/MALE/' {print "3[33m" ##代码## "3[39m"}
回答by user22097
How about this? You can do it with grep ONLY! Tricks here are (1) you take /OR/ of the words you are searching; (2) you use -A and -B options with large enough numbers (larger then the line count of your file).
这个怎么样？您只能使用 grep 来完成！这里的技巧是 (1) 你对你正在搜索的词进行 /OR/; (2) 您使用 -A 和 -B 选项具有足够大的数字（大于文件的行数）。
##代码##