C语言 使用 `sleep()` 延迟时间
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Using `sleep()` for a time delay
提问by user3371097
I an trying to delay program execution for 200ms and then test if a key was pressed during the delay. How do I do this?
我试图将程序执行延迟 200 毫秒，然后测试在延迟期间是否按下了某个键。我该怎么做呢？
I am tryint to create a simple computer game similar to flappy birds, using C. I want the user to have tiny bit of time (~200ms) to press a key for the bird to jump, or it will fall down, but I am having trouble with implementing the delay.
我正在尝试使用 C 创建一个类似于飞扬的小鸟的简单电脑游戏。我希望用户有一点时间（~200 毫秒）按下一个键让小鸟跳跃，否则它会掉下来，但我是无法实现延迟。
I've read on some forums [where?]that sleep(100)should give a 100ms delay, but when I do it, I get 100 seconds.
我读过一些论坛[在哪里？]这sleep(100)应该给一个延时100ms，但是当我这样做，我得到100秒。
I also tried using sleep(1/5), but the function only takes integers.
我也尝试使用sleep(1/5)，但该函数只接受整数。
Additionally, I need to be able to test if a key was pressed during the 200ms; I read somewhere[where?]that the kbhitfunction can be used for that, but I have no idea how to use it.
此外，我需要能够测试在 200 毫秒内是否按下了某个键；我在某处[where?]读到 该kbhit函数可以用于此目的，但我不知道如何使用它。
while(!dead) {
sleep(200); // what do I put here to get 200ms?
if (keyWasPressedDuringWait()){ //what do I put here?
notDeadAnimation():
}else{
dead=true;
deadAimation()
}
}
回答by AJMansfield
To perform the desired delay, #include <unistd.h>and use usleep(microseconds). (To sleep for 200ms, the call is usleep(200000)).
要执行所需的延迟，#include <unistd.h>并使用usleep(microseconds). （要休眠 200 毫秒，调用是usleep(200000)）。
To test the keyboard strike, #include <conio.h>and use _kbhit()in your test (short for keyboard hit). _kbhittests if there is a key in the key buffer, but does not get rid of it. You also need to use _getchto retrieve the key, removing it from the key buffer. I'd recommend defining a helper function here:
为了测试键盘的罢工，#include <conio.h>并使用_kbhit()在您的测试（简称ķEY bOARD命中）。_kbhit测试密钥缓冲区中是否有密钥，但不会删除它。您还需要使用_getch来检索密钥，将其从密钥缓冲区中删除。我建议在这里定义一个辅助函数：
int clearKeyBuffer(){
int count = 0;
while(_kbhit()){
_getch();
count++;
}
return count;
}
This method will clear all keys currently in the key buffer, and return the number of keys cleared. You can then use this in your test, as if(clearKeyBuffer())to test if a key has been presses since the last time you tested it.
此方法将清除当前在密钥缓冲区中的所有密钥，并返回清除的密钥数量。然后，您可以在测试中使用它，if(clearKeyBuffer())以测试自上次测试以来是否按下了某个键。
As for your program flow, you have a lot of extra stuff there. You can get rid of most of it and still be functionally identical:
至于你的程序流程，你有很多额外的东西。您可以摆脱其中的大部分内容，但在功能上仍然相同：
do {
notDeadAnimation();
usleep(200000);
} while(clearKeyBuffer());
deadAnimation();
However, this has the obvious issue that someone could just
然而，这有一个明显的问题，即有人可以
回答by Alexey Polonsky
Use usleep() instead of sleep(). The former works in micro seconds. And use _kbhit()+getch() to discover if a key was pressed and which key was it:
使用 usleep() 而不是 sleep()。前者在微秒内起作用。并使用 _kbhit()+getch() 来发现是否按下了某个键以及它是哪个键：
while (!dead) {
usleep(200*1000); // 200 msec
if (_kbhit()) { // if key was pressed during sleep
int key = getch();
// you can check key value here
notDeadAnimation();
} else {
dead = true;
deadAnimation();
}
}
