bash getopts 检查互斥参数
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getopts checking for mutually exclusive arguments
提问by Chris Snow
I have a simple script (below) that has mutually exclusive arguments.
我有一个具有互斥参数的简单脚本（如下）。
The arguments for the script should be ./scriptname.sh -m|-d [-n], however, a user can run the script with ./scriptname.sh -m -dwhich is wrong.
脚本的参数应该是./scriptname.sh -m|-d [-n]，但是，用户可以运行./scriptname.sh -m -d错误的脚本。
Question: how can I enforce that only one of the mutually exclusive arguments have been provided by the user?
问题：如何强制用户只提供一个互斥参数？
#!/bin/sh
usage() {
cat <<EOF
Usage: ./scriptname.sh -t desktop -n
-m|-d [-n]
where:
-m create minimal box
-d create desktop box
-n perform headless build
EOF
exit 0
}
headless=
buildtype=
while getopts 'mdnh' flag; do
case "$flag" in
m) buildtype='minimal' ;;
d) buildtype='desktop' ;;
n) headless=1 ;;
h) usage ;;
\?) usage ;;
*) usage ;;
esac
done
[ -n "$buildtype" ] && usage
回答by anubhava
I can think of 2 ways:
我可以想到两种方法：
Accept an option like -t <argument>Where argument can be desktopor minimal
接受一个选项，例如-t <argument>Where 参数可以是desktop或minimal
So your script will be called as:
所以你的脚本将被称为：
./scriptname.sh -t minimal -n
OR
或者
headless=
buildtype=
while getopts 'mdnh' flag; do
case "$flag" in
m) [ -n "$buildtype" ] && usage || buildtype='minimal' ;;
d) [ -n "$buildtype" ] && usage || buildtype='desktop' ;;
n) headless=1 ;;
h) usage ;;
\?) usage ;;
*) usage ;;
esac
done
Another alternativeis to enforce validation inside your script as this:
另一种选择是在脚本中强制执行验证，如下所示：
##代码##