目录上的 Bash For 循环
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Bash For-Loop on Directories
提问by BassKozz
Quick Background:
快速背景：
$ ls src
file1 file2 dir1 dir2 dir3
Script:
脚本：
#!/bin/bash
for i in src/* ; do
if [ -d "$i" ]; then
echo "$i"
fi
done
Output:
输出：
src/dir1
src/dir2
src/dir3
However, I want it to read:
但是，我希望它阅读：
dir1
dir2
dir3
Now I realize I could sed/awk the output to remove "src/" however I am curious to know if there is a better way of going about this. Perhaps using a find + while-loop instead.
现在我意识到我可以 sed/awk 输出来删除“src/”但是我很想知道是否有更好的方法来解决这个问题。也许使用 find + while-loop 代替。
采纳答案by Gonzalo
Do this instead for the echoline:
为该echo行执行此操作：
echo $(basename "$i")
回答by Chris Johnsen
No need for forking an external process:
无需分叉外部进程：
echo "${i##*/}"
It uses the “remove the longest matching prefix” parameter expansion.
The */is the pattern, so it will delete everything from the beginning of the string up to and including the last slash. If there is no slash in the value of $i, then it is the same as "$i".
它使用“删除最长匹配前缀”参数扩展。的*/是模式，所以它会从字符串截至及包括最后的斜线的开始删除所有内容。如果 的值中没有斜线$i，则与 相同"$i"。
This particular parameter expansion is specified in POSIXand is part of the legacy of the original Bourne shell. It is supported in all Bourne-like shells (sh, ash, dash, ksh, bash, zsh, etc.). Many of the feature-rich shells (e.g. ksh, bash, and zsh) have other expansions that can handle even more without involving external processes.
这个特殊的参数扩展是在 POSIX 中指定的，是原始 Bourne shell 的一部分。所有类似 Bourne 的 shell（sh、ash、dash、ksh、bash、zsh等）都支持它。许多功能丰富的外壳程序（例如ksh、bash和zsh）具有其他扩展，可以在不涉及外部进程的情况下处理更多。
回答by Mark Ransom
If you do a cdat the start of the script, it should be reverted when the script exits.
如果您cd在脚本开始时执行 a ，则应在脚本退出时将其还原。
#!/bin/bash
cd src
for i in * ; do
if [ -d "$i" ]; then
echo "$i"
fi
done
回答by codaddict
Use basenameas:
使用basename如：
if [ -d "$i" ]; then
basename "$i"
fi
