如何进行正确的双重或三重 bash 引号转义？
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原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11687292/
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How to do a proper double or triple bash quote escape?
提问by sorin
#!/bin/bash
# this works: java '-XX:OnOutOfMemoryError=nohup bash -c "service jira stop;service jira stop" &' -version
JVM_SUPPORT_RECOMMENDED_ARGS="" # WHAT TO PUT HERE !?! so the last line will execute the command above?
JAVA_OPTS=" ${JAVA_OPTS} ${JVM_REQUIRED_ARGS} ${DISABLE_NOTIFICATIONS} ${JVM_SUPPORT_RECOMMENDED_ARGS} ${JVM_EXTRA_ARGS} ${JIRA_HOME_MINUSD}"
set -x
java $JAVA_OPTS -version
If possible don't touch other lines than the JVM_SUPPORT_RECOMMENDED_ARGS one.
如果可能，请不要触及 JVM_SUPPORT_RECOMMENDED_ARGS 以外的其他行。
回答by Shahbaz
Although @raukh's answer is right, i.e. you have to escape the ", you are also missing another point.
尽管@raukh 的回答是正确的，即您必须逃避"，但您还错过了另一点。
Answer for the impatient: you need to add \"around ${JVM_SUPPORT_RECOMMENDED_ARGS}also, to prevent bash from separating the contents of JVM_SUPPORT_RECOMMENDED_ARGSto different argument.
不耐烦的回答：您还需要添加\"around ${JVM_SUPPORT_RECOMMENDED_ARGS}，以防止 bashJVM_SUPPORT_RECOMMENDED_ARGS将不同参数的内容分开。
Complete answer:
完整答案：
Imagine this example, assuming print_argsis a program that echoes its arguments each in one line
想象一下这个例子，假设print_args有一个程序在一行中回显其参数
TEST="a b"
./print_args $TEST
This will output aand bas separate arguments. This is because the "is removed and in fact the executed command is:
这将输出a和b作为单独的参数。这是因为"删除了，实际上执行的命令是：
./print_args a b
To make your command see your variable all as one parameter, you have to put it in ":
要使您的命令将您的变量全部视为一个参数，您必须将其放入"：
TEST="a b"
./print_args "$TEST"
Will show a bas one argument.
将显示a b为一个参数。
Even if you write extra "in your string, it won't work, as bash will separate the contents of the variable anyway:
即使您"在字符串中写入额外内容，它也不会起作用，因为无论如何 bash 都会将变量的内容分开：
TEST="\"a b\""
./print_args $TEST
will give you "aand b"as separate arguments. The only way you can handle this, is to add "where you usethe variable, instead of where you define it.
会给你"a和b"作为单独的论点。您可以处理此问题的唯一方法是添加"您使用变量的位置，而不是您定义它的位置。
So in your case, the solution is this:
所以在你的情况下，解决方案是这样的：
JVM_SUPPORT_RECOMMENDED_ARGS="java '-XX:OnOutOfMemoryError=nohup bash -c \"service jira stop;service jira stop\" &' test"
JAVA_OPTS=" ${JAVA_OPTS} ${JVM_REQUIRED_ARGS} ${DISABLE_NOTIFICATIONS} \"${JVM_SUPPORT_RECOMMENDED_ARGS}\" ${JVM_EXTRA_ARGS} ${JIRA_HOME_MINUSD}"
The first line is as raukh suggested. The second line has added \"around ${JVM_SUPPORT_RECOMMENDED_ARGS}.
第一行是 raukh 建议的。第二行在\"周围添加了${JVM_SUPPORT_RECOMMENDED_ARGS}.
If you want to test this, here is an example:
如果你想测试这个，这里有一个例子：
test.c:
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < argc; ++i)
printf("%d: %s\n", i, argv[i]);
return 0;
}
$ gcc -o print_args test.c
$ TEST="java '-XX:OnOutOfMemoryError=nohup bash -c \"service jira stop;service jira stop\" &' test"; ./print_args $TEST
0: ./print_args
1: java
2: '-XX:OnOutOfMemoryError=nohup
3: bash
4: -c
5: "service
6: jira
7: stop;service
8: jira
9: stop"
10: &'
11: test
$ TEST="java '-XX:OnOutOfMemoryError=nohup bash -c \"service jira stop;service jira stop\" &' test"; ./print_args "$TEST"
0: ./print_args
1: java '-XX:OnOutOfMemoryError=nohup bash -c "service jira stop;service jira stop" &' test
