bash 如何用换行符替换 : 字符？
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How do I replace : characters with newline?
提问by yatici
I looked at a very similar question but was unable to resolve the issue Replace comma with newline in sed
我查看了一个非常相似的问题，但无法解决问题在 sed 中用换行符替换逗号
I am trying to convert :characters in a string. This is what I tried:
我正在尝试转换:字符串中的字符。这是我尝试过的：
echo -e 'this:is:a:test' | sed "s/\:/'\n'/g"
but this replaces : with n. I tried tr too but had the same result. I believe the -e is not seen after being piped so new line is not recognized.
但这取代了 : 与 n。我也试过 tr 但结果相同。我相信 -e 在通过管道传输后不会被看到，因此无法识别新行。
Any help is appreciated.
任何帮助表示赞赏。
回答by pilcrow
echo 'this:is:a:test' | tr : \n
Any POSIX-compliant trwill support the \nescape sequence. You need to take care to quote or escape the escape sequence, however (double backslash above).
任何符合 POSIX 的 tr都将支持\n转义序列。但是，您需要注意引用或转义转义序列（上面的双反斜杠）。
The -eargument to echo has no effect on your argument to echo.
-eecho的参数对您的 echo 参数没有影响。
回答by chepner
I'll presume that you have the string in a variable already. This uses the parameter expansion substitution operator to replace every :with a newline, which is specified using a $'...'-quoted string. Both features are bashextensions to the standard, and may not work in another shell.
我假设您已经在变量中拥有该字符串。这使用参数扩展替换运算符将每个替换:为换行符，该换行符使用带$'...'引号的字符串指定。这两个功能都是bash标准的扩展，可能无法在其他 shell 中使用。
$ foo="this:is:a:test"
$ bar="${foo//:/$'\n'}"
$ echo "$bar"
this
is
a
test
回答by Wolph
Perhaps Perl is an option?
也许 Perl 是一种选择？
echo -e 'this:is:a:test' | perl -p -e 's/:/\n/g'
回答by Bill
You do not need echo -ebecause you have \nin sed, not in echostatement.
So, the following should work (note that I have changed '\n'to \n):
你不需要，echo -e因为你有\nin sed， not inecho声明。因此，以下应该有效（请注意，我已更改'\n'为\n）：
echo -e 'this:is:a:test' | sed "s/\:/\n/g"
or
或者
echo 'this:is:a:test' | sed "s/\:/\n/g"
Also note that you do not need to escape :so the following will work too (thanks to @anishsane)
另请注意，您不需要转义，:因此以下内容也将起作用（感谢@anishsane）
echo 'this:is:a:test' | sed "s/:/\n/g"
Below is just to reiterate why you need -efor echo
以下仅仅是重申为什么你需要-e的echo
$ echo -e "hello \n"
hello
$ echo "hello \n"
hello \n
