如何使用 Python 在文本文件中查找单词
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How to find words in text files with Python
提问by KMaelstrom
I am new to python and am trying to create a function in python that finds the lines where the word occurs in a text file and prints the line numbers. The function takes the text file name and list of words as input. I don't know where to start.
我是 python 的新手，正在尝试在 python 中创建一个函数，该函数查找文本文件中出现单词的行并打印行号。该函数将文本文件名和单词列表作为输入。我不知道从哪里开始。
Example
例子
index("notes.txt",["isotope","proton","electron","neutron"])
isotope 1
proton 3
electron 2
neutron 5
同位素 1
质子 3
电子 2
中子 5
This is some random code that I made with text; so, I don't know if it can help me or not.
这是我用文本制作的一些随机代码；所以，我不知道它是否可以帮助我。
def index():
infile=open("test.txt", "r")
content=infile.read()
print(content)
infile.close()
The goal is to be able to find the words in the text file like a person would find a word in the index of a book.
目标是能够在文本文件中找到单词，就像人们在书的索引中查找单词一样。
采纳答案by Hackaholic
try like this:
试试这样：
def word_find(line,words):
return list(set(line.strip().split()) & set(words))
def main(file,words):
with open('file') as f:
for i,x in enumerate(f, start=1):
common = word_find(x,words)
if common:
print i, "".join(common)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main('file', words)
回答by Adam Smith
words = ['isotope', 'proton', 'electron', 'neutron']
def line_numbers(file_path, word_list):
with open(file_path, 'r') as f:
results = {word:[] for word in word_list}
for num, line in enumerate(f, start=1):
for word in word_list:
if word in line:
results[word].append(num)
return results
This will return a dictionary that has all the occurrences of the given word (case-sensitive).
这将返回一个字典，其中包含给定单词的所有出现次数（区分大小写）。
DEMO
演示
>>> words = ['isotope', 'proton', 'electron', 'neutron']
>>> result = line_numbers(file_path, words)
>>> for word, lines in result.items():
print(word, ": ", ', '.join(lines))
# in your example, this would output:
isotope 1
proton 3
electron 2
neutron 5
回答by stringinator
Adam Smith's answerbroke in Python3.7. I needed to map to a string as follows:
亚当·斯密的回答在 Python3.7 中被打破了。我需要映射到一个字符串如下：
for word, lines in result.items():
print(word, ": ", ', '.join(map(str,lines)))
