bash 在 Red Hat 5 中为“ROOT”设置 PATH
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Setting PATH for 'ROOT' in Red Hat 5
提问by user353829
I have edited '/etc/profile' and added the following:
我编辑了“/etc/profile”并添加了以下内容：
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_21
导出 JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_21
However, when logged in as 'root': '# echo $JAVA_HOME' lists a different path.
但是，当以“root”身份登录时：“#echo $JAVA_HOME”会列出不同的路径。
How do I configure 'root' to pick the above path?
如何配置“root”以选择上述路径？
NB: Exporting paths in 'bashrc' or '.bash_profile', for root, did not work for account 'root'.
注意：导出“bashrc”或“.bash_profile”中的路径，对于 root，对帐户“root”不起作用。
采纳答案by Jonathan Leffler
There are only a limited number of places where the value can be mis-set for root. The home directory for the superuser is /root, so you should first look in /root/.bashrcand /root/.bash_profile. You might need to look in /etc/bashrc, too.
只有有限数量的地方可以为 root 设置错误的值。超级用户的主目录是/root，因此您应该首先查看/root/.bashrc和/root/.bash_profile。你可能也需要进去看看/etc/bashrc。
If none of that yields enlightenment, you could try debugging where the environment is set by adding set -x(and perhaps env) to the top of /etc/profile, maybe only if the person running it is root(so as not to disturb other users), and track what is executed and set. Use the envcommand to diagnose whether JAVA_HOME is already set on entry to /etc/profile.
如果这些都没有产生启发，您可以尝试通过添加set -x（并且可能env）到 的顶部来调试环境设置的位置/etc/profile，也许只有在运行它的人是root（以免打扰其他用户）时，并跟踪执行的内容并设置。使用该env命令来诊断 JAVA_HOME 是否已经在入口设置为/etc/profile.
The Bash manual (4.0 edition) says:
Bash 手册（4.0 版）说：
§6.2 Bash Startup Files
[...]
When Bash is invoked as an interactive login shell, or as a non-interactive shell with the ‘--login' option, it first reads and executes commands from the file ‘
/etc/profile', if that file exists. After reading that file, it looks for ‘~/.bash_profile', ‘~/.bash_login', and ‘~/.profile', in that order, and reads and executes commands from the first one that exists and is readable.
§6.2 Bash 启动文件
[...]
当 Bash 作为交互式登录 shell 或作为带有 '--login' 选项的非交互式 shell 调用时，它首先从文件“
/etc/profile”读取并执行命令（如果该文件存在）。读取该文件后，它会按该顺序查找“~/.bash_profile”、“~/.bash_login”和“~/.profile”，并从第一个存在且可读的命令开始读取并执行命令。
Unless you have done something unusual, root's ~is /root.
除非你做了一些不寻常的事情，否则 root~是/root.
