Python 枕头安装错误：命令“gcc”失败，退出状态为 1
声明：本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要使用它，必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可，注明原文地址和作者信息，同时你必须将它归于原作者（不是我）：StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/22347489/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
Pillow installation error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
提问by moshushi
I am trying to setup my Django variant (Wagtail) but have problems installing the required Pillow.
我正在尝试设置我的 Django 变体 (Wagtail)，但在安装所需的 Pillow 时遇到问题。
Background: Am running Python 2.6.6, in virtualenv, using Mac terminal to have shell access to domain hosted on A Small Orange, no root access, cannot use sudo commands
背景：我正在运行Python 2.6.6，在virtualenv，使用 Mac 终端对 A Small Orange 上托管的域进行 shell 访问no root access，无法使用 sudo 命令
When i run
当我跑
pip install Pillow
i get the below error:
我收到以下错误：
Downloading/unpacking Pillow
Downloading Pillow-2.3.0.zip (2.4MB): 2.4MB downloaded
Running setup.py (path:/home/clarayee/.env/env/build/Pillow/setup.py) egg_info for package Pillow
Installing collected packages: Pillow
Running setup.py install for Pillow
building 'PIL._imaging' extension
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -fPIC -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -DHAVE_LIBZ -DHAVE_LIBTIFF -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/home/clarayee/.env/env/build/Pillow/libImaging -I/home/clarayee/.env/env/include -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/python2.6 -c _imaging.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6/_imaging.o
unable to execute gcc: Permission denied
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
Complete output from command /home/clarayee/.env/env/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/home/clarayee/.env/env/build/Pillow/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-nCrvqa-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home/clarayee/.env/env/include/site/python2.6:
running install
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/MicImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/TiffTags.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageWin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/IcnsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/BmpImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/DcxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/McIdasImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageFileIO.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/SunImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImagePalette.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ArgImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/Image.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/PngImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/BufrStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/PalmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImagePath.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/XpmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/EpsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageMath.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/PpmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/IcoImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/PcfFontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageTk.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/GdImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/_util.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/MspImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/FliImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageEnhance.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/TiffImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/TarIO.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/JpegImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageColor.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/Hdf5StubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/BdfFontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImtImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/PixarImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/JpegPresets.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/XVThumbImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/GimpGradientFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageQt.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageCms.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/WebPImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/CurImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/FpxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageMode.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageChops.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ContainerIO.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/GifImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/WalImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageDraw2.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageFont.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageOps.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/SgiImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/PsdImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/MpegImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/GbrImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/PcdImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/OleFileIO.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/XbmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/PSDraw.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageTransform.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageDraw.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/PdfImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/FontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/TgaImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/SpiderImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/WmfImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ExifTags.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageFilter.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/PcxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageShow.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageSequence.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/GribStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/GimpPaletteFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/PaletteFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageStat.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/_binary.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/FitsStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/tests.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
copying PIL/ImageGrab.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/PIL
running egg_info
writing dependency_links to Pillow.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
writing Pillow.egg-info/PKG-INFO
writing top-level names to Pillow.egg-info/top_level.txt
warning: manifest_maker: standard file '-c' not found
reading manifest file 'Pillow.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
writing manifest file 'Pillow.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
running build_ext
building 'PIL._imaging' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6/libImaging
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -fPIC -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -DHAVE_LIBZ -DHAVE_LIBTIFF -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/home/clarayee/.env/env/build/Pillow/libImaging -I/home/clarayee/.env/env/include -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/python2.6 -c _imaging.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6/_imaging.o
unable to execute gcc: Permission denied
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
Cleaning up...
Command /home/clarayee/.env/env/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/home/clarayee/.env/env/build/Pillow/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-nCrvqa-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home/clarayee/.env/env/include/site/python2.6 failed with error code 1 in /home/clarayee/.env/env/build/Pillow
Storing debug log for failure in /home/clarayee/.pip/pip.log
Same issue as when I run easy_install. Will appreciate any help!
与我运行 easy_install 时的问题相同。将不胜感激任何帮助！
采纳答案by moshushi
Solved. Priyank Patel was right... it's a server-side permission issue. Thank you all!
解决了。Priyank Patel 是对的……这是服务器端权限问题。谢谢你们！
unable to execute gcc: Permission denied . Ask hosting provide to run your command for you . – Priyank Patel yesterday
无法执行 gcc: Permission denied 。要求托管提供为您运行您的命令。– 昨天普里扬克·帕特尔
回答by emh
Try running this in terminal:
尝试在终端中运行它：
export CFLAGS=-Qunused-arguments
export CPPFLAGS=-Qunused-arguments
Then pip install Pillow
然后 pip install Pillow
回答by jstaab
I had a similar problem (gcc failed, but no mention of permissions), but it was dependencies that were my problem. By the way, my task was to install Pillow on a raspberry pi, which is why those dev libraries were necessary. They may not be necessary for you. It was the python-imaging command that did the trick most, I think. Here's what I did:
我有一个类似的问题（gcc 失败，但没有提到权限），但我的问题是依赖项。顺便说一句，我的任务是在树莓派上安装 Pillow，这就是为什么需要这些开发库的原因。它们对您来说可能不是必需的。我认为最有效的应该是 python-imaging 命令。这是我所做的：
# Add the deb-src for each deb in /etc/apt/sources list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python2.7-dev tk8.5 tcl8.5 tk8.5-dev tcl8.5-dev
sudo apt-get build-dep python-imaging --fix-missing
sudo pip install Pillow
Sources: https://github.com/python-imaging/Pillow/issues/322http://forums.getpebble.com/discussion/8490/ubuntu-install-problem-when-it-comes-to-piphttps://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/105265/install-pil-pillow-via-pip-in-debian-testing-jessie
来源： https: //github.com/python-imaging/Pillow/issues/322 http://forums.getpebble.com/discussion/8490/ubuntu-install-problem-when-it-comes-to-pip https： //unix.stackexchange.com/questions/105265/install-pil-pillow-via-pip-in-debian-testing-jessie
回答by Python Team
You have to execute it in rootdirectory.
您必须在根目录中执行它。
回答by Brent D.
In case this helps anyone else. This may be what the service provider did.
如果这对其他人有帮助。这可能是服务提供商所做的。
On CentOS I ended up having to install Python headers to fix the problem.
在 CentOS 上，我最终不得不安装 Python 头文件来解决这个问题。
yum install python-devel
then
然后
pip install Pillow
回答by davarisg
Make sure you have gcc and python-dev installed
确保你已经安装了 gcc 和 python-dev
sudo apt-get install gcc python-dev
sudo apt-get install gcc python-dev
