Python 如何将字节类型转换为字典？
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How to convert bytes type to dictionary?
提问by Harathi
I have a bytes type object like this:
我有一个像这样的字节类型对象：
b"{'one': 1, 'two': 2}"
I need to get the dictionary from that using python code. I am converting it into string and then converting into dictionary as follows.
我需要使用 python 代码从中获取字典。我将其转换为字符串，然后转换为字典如下。
string = dictn.decode("utf-8")
print(type(string))
>> <class 'str'>
d = dict(toks.split(":") for toks in string.split(",") if toks)
But I am getting the below error:
但我收到以下错误：
------> d = dict(toks.split(":") for toks in string.split(",") if toks)
TypeError: 'bytes' object is not callable
采纳答案by mattmc3
All you need is ast.literal_eval. Nothing fancier than that. No reason to mess with JSON unless you are specifically using non-Python dict syntax in your string.
您只需要ast.literal_eval. 没有比这更美妙的了。除非您在字符串中专门使用非 Python dict 语法，否则没有理由弄乱 JSON。
# python3
import ast
byte_str = b"{'one': 1, 'two': 2}"
dict_str = byte_str.decode("UTF-8")
mydata = ast.literal_eval(dict_str)
print(repr(mydata))
See answer here. It also details how ast.literal_evalis safer than eval.
请参阅此处的答案。它还详细说明了如何ast.literal_eval比eval.
回答by H S Rathore
I think a decode is also required to get a proper dict.
我认为还需要解码才能获得正确的字典。
a= b"{'one': 1, 'two': 2}"
ast.literal_eval(a.decode('utf-8'))
**Output:** {'one': 1, 'two': 2}
The accepted answer yields
接受的答案产生
a= b"{'one': 1, 'two': 2}"
ast.literal_eval(repr(a))
**output:** b"{'one': 1, 'two': 2}"
The literal_eval hasn't done that properly with many of my codes so I personally prefer to use json module for this
我的许多代码都没有正确使用literal_eval，所以我个人更喜欢为此使用json模块
import json
a= b"{'one': 1, 'two': 2}"
json.loads(a.decode('utf-8'))
**Output:** {'one': 1, 'two': 2}
回答by William Feirie
回答by Saeed Zahedian Abroodi
You can use Base64 library to convert string dictionary to bytes, and although you can convert bytes result to a dictionary using json library. Try this below sample code.
您可以使用 Base64 库将字符串字典转换为字节，尽管您可以使用 json 库将字节结果转换为字典。试试下面的示例代码。
import base64
import json
input_dict = {'var1' : 0, 'var2' : 'some string', 'var1' : ['listitem1','listitem2',5]}
message = str(input_dict)
ascii_message = message.encode('ascii')
output_byte = base64.b64encode(ascii_message)
msg_bytes = base64.b64decode(output_byte)
ascii_msg = msg_bytes.decode('ascii')
# Json library convert stirng dictionary to real dictionary type.
# Double quotes is standard format for json
ascii_msg = ascii_msg.replace("'", "\"")
output_dict = json.loads(ascii_msg) # convert string dictionary to dict format
# Show the input and output
print("input_dict:", input_dict, type(input_dict))
print()
print("base64:", output_byte, type(output_byte))
print()
print("output_dict:", output_dict, type(output_dict))
