Ruby-on-rails 使用 Rails 完全自定义验证错误消息
声明：本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要使用它，必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可，注明原文地址和作者信息，同时你必须将它归于原作者（不是我）：StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/808547/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
Fully custom validation error message with Rails
提问by marcgg
Using Rails I'm trying to get an error message like "The song field can't be empty" on save. Doing the following:
使用 Rails 我试图在保存时收到一条错误消息，如“歌曲字段不能为空”。执行以下操作：
validates_presence_of :song_rep_xyz, :message => "can't be empty"
... only displays "Song Rep XYW can't be empty", which is not good because the title of the field is not user friendly. How can I change the title of the field itself ? I could change the actual name of the field in the database, but I have multiple "song" fields and I do need to have specific field names.
...只显示“Song Rep XYW can't be empty”，这不好，因为该字段的标题对用户不友好。如何更改字段本身的标题？我可以更改数据库中字段的实际名称，但我有多个“歌曲”字段，我确实需要有特定的字段名称。
I don't want to hack around rails' validation process and I feel there should be a way of fixing that.
我不想绕过 rails 的验证过程，我觉得应该有办法解决这个问题。
回答by graywh
Now, the accepted way to set the humanized names and custom error messages is to use locales.
现在，设置人性化名称和自定义错误消息的公认方法是使用 locales。
# config/locales/en.yml
en:
activerecord:
attributes:
user:
email: "E-mail address"
errors:
models:
user:
attributes:
email:
blank: "is required"
Now the humanized name andthe presence validation message for the "email" attribute have been changed.
现在，“email”属性的人性化名称和存在验证消息已更改。
Validation messages can be set for a specific model+attribute, model, attribute, or globally.
可以为特定模型+属性、模型、属性或全局设置验证消息。
回答by Federico
In your model:
在您的模型中：
validates_presence_of :address1, message: 'Put some address please'
In your view
在你看来
<% m.errors.each do |attr, msg| %>
<%= msg %>
<% end %>
If you do instead
如果你这样做
<%= attr %> <%= msg %>
you get this error message with the attribute name
您会收到带有属性名称的错误消息
address1 Put some address please
if you want to get the error message for one single attribute
如果您想获取单个属性的错误消息
<%= @model.errors[:address1] %>
回答by Maulin
Try this.
尝试这个。
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
validate do |user|
user.errors.add_to_base("Country can't be blank") if user.country_iso.blank?
end
end
I found this here.
我在这里找到了这个。
Here is another way to do it. What you do is define a human_attribute_name method on the model class. The method is passed the column name as a string and returns the string to use in validation messages.
这是另一种方法。你要做的是在模型类上定义一个 human_attribute_name 方法。该方法将列名作为字符串传递并返回字符串以在验证消息中使用。
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
HUMANIZED_ATTRIBUTES = {
:email => "E-mail address"
}
def self.human_attribute_name(attr)
HUMANIZED_ATTRIBUTES[attr.to_sym] || super
end
end
The above code is from here
上面的代码来自这里
回答by Marco Antonio
Yes, there's a way to do this without the plugin! But it is not as clean and elegant as using the mentioned plugin. Here it is.
是的，有一种方法可以在没有插件的情况下做到这一点！但它不像使用提到的插件那样干净和优雅。这里是。
Assuming it's Rails 3 (I don't know if it's different in previous versions),
假设是Rails 3（不知道之前版本有没有不同），
keep this in your model:
将此保留在您的模型中：
validates_presence_of :song_rep_xyz, :message => "can't be empty"
and in the view, instead of leaving
并且在视图中，而不是离开
@instance.errors.full_messages
as it would be when we use the scaffold generator, put:
就像我们使用脚手架生成器时一样，输入：
@instance.errors.first[1]
And you will get just the message you specified in the model, without the attribute name.
您将只获得您在模型中指定的消息，而没有属性名称。
Explanation:
解释：
#returns an hash of messages, one element foreach field error, in this particular case would be just one element in the hash:
@instance.errors # => {:song_rep_xyz=>"can't be empty"}
#this returns the first element of the hash as an array like [:key,"value"]
@instance.errors.first # => [:song_rep_xyz, "can't be empty"]
#by doing the following, you are telling ruby to take just the second element of that array, which is the message.
@instance.errors.first[1]
So far we are just displaying only one message, always for the first error. If you wanna display all errors you can loop in the hash and show the values.
到目前为止，我们只显示一条消息，总是针对第一个错误。如果您想显示所有错误，您可以在哈希中循环并显示值。
Hope that helped.
希望有所帮助。
回答by Lukas
Rails3 Code with fully localized messages:
带有完全本地化消息的 Rails3 代码：
In the model user.rb define the validation
在模型 user.rb 中定义验证
validates :email, :presence => true
In config/locales/en.yml
在 config/locales/en.yml
en:
activerecord:
models:
user: "Customer"
attributes:
user:
email: "Email address"
errors:
models:
user:
attributes:
email:
blank: "cannot be empty"
回答by amit_saxena
In the custom validation method use:
在自定义验证方法中使用：
errors.add(:base, "Custom error message")
errors.add(:base, "Custom error message")
as add_to_base has been deprecated.
因为 add_to_base 已被弃用。
errors.add_to_base("Custom error message")
errors.add_to_base("Custom error message")
回答by Rystraum
Related to the accepted answerand another answer down the list:
I'm confirming that nanamkim's fork of custom-err-msgworks with Rails 5, and with the locale setup.
我确认nanamkim 的 custom-err-msg 分支适用于 Rails 5 和语言环境设置。
You just need to start the locale message with a caret and it shouldn't display the attribute name in the message.
您只需要用插入符号开始区域设置消息，它不应该在消息中显示属性名称。
A model defined as:
一个模型定义为：
class Item < ApplicationRecord
validates :name, presence: true
end
with the following en.yml:
具有以下内容en.yml：
en:
activerecord:
errors:
models:
item:
attributes:
name:
blank: "^You can't create an item without a name."
item.errors.full_messageswill display:
item.errors.full_messages将显示：
You can't create an item without a name
instead of the usual Name You can't create an item without a name
而不是通常的 Name You can't create an item without a name
回答by Ryan Bigg
I recommend installing the custom_error_message gem(or as a plugin) originally written by David Easley
我建议安装最初由 David Easley 编写的custom_error_message gem（或作为插件）
It lets you do stuff like:
它可以让你做这样的事情：
validates_presence_of :non_friendly_field_name, :message => "^Friendly field name is blank"
回答by cappie013
One solution might be to change the i18n default error format:
一种解决方案可能是更改 i18n 默认错误格式：
en:
errors:
format: "%{message}"
Default is format: %{attribute} %{message}
默认是 format: %{attribute} %{message}
回答by Cruz Nunez
Here is another way:
这是另一种方式：
If you use this template:
如果您使用此模板：
<% if @thing.errors.any? %>
<ul>
<% @thing.errors.full_messages.each do |message| %>
<li><%= message %></li>
<% end %>
</ul>
<% end %>
You can write you own custom message like this:
您可以像这样编写自己的自定义消息：
class Thing < ActiveRecord::Base
validate :custom_validation_method_with_message
def custom_validation_method_with_message
if some_model_attribute.blank?
errors.add(:_, "My custom message")
end
end
This way, because of the underscore, the full message becomes " My custom message", but the extra space in the beginning is unnoticeable. If you really don't want that extra space at the beginning just add the .lstripmethod.
这样，因为下划线，完整的消息变成了“我的自定义消息”，但是开头的额外空间是不明显的。如果您真的不想在开始时使用额外的空间，只需添加该.lstrip方法。
<% if @thing.errors.any? %>
<ul>
<% @thing.errors.full_messages.each do |message| %>
<li><%= message.lstrip %></li>
<% end %>
</ul>
<% end %>
The String.lstrip method will get rid of the extra space created by ':_' and will leave any other error messages unchanged.
String.lstrip 方法将删除由 ':_' 创建的额外空间，并且将保留任何其他错误消息不变。
Or even better, use the first word of your custom message as the key:
或者更好的是，使用自定义消息的第一个单词作为关键字：
def custom_validation_method_with_message
if some_model_attribute.blank?
errors.add(:my, "custom message")
end
end
Now the full message will be "My custom message" with no extra space.
现在完整的消息将是“我的自定义消息”，没有额外的空间。
If you want the full message to start with a word capitalized like "URL can't be blank" it cannot be done. Instead try adding some other word as the key:
如果您希望完整的消息以大写的单词开头，例如“URL 不能为空”，则无法完成。而是尝试添加一些其他单词作为键：
def custom_validation_method_with_message
if some_model_attribute.blank?
errors.add(:the, "URL can't be blank")
end
end
Now the full message will be "The URL can't be blank"
现在完整的消息将是“URL 不能为空”
