如何在Fedora 32/31/30/29上安装MariaDB 10.4
时间：2020-02-23 14:40:55 来源:igfitidea点击:
本教程将讨论在Fedora 32/31/30/29上安装MariaDB 10.4所需的步骤。 MariaDB是由MySQL关系数据库管理系统派生的，由社区开发的，广泛使用的关系数据库服务器。
MariaDB是根据通用公共许可证版本2发布的开源免费软件。截至本文撰写时，最新的稳定版本是10.4版。 MariaDB软件包以二进制文件的形式发布在mariadb.org上。但是，我们也可以选择从源代码构建它。
因此，让我们开始在Fedora 32/31/30/29上安装MariaDB 10.4.
更新Fedora机器
确保我们的系统中正在运行最新版本的Fedora软件包。
sudo dnf -y update
升级后重新引导服务器。
sudo systemctl reboot
添加MariaDB RPM存储库
现在，将MariaDB RPM存储库添加到系统。
Fedora 32/31/30：
sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/mariad.repo<<EOF [mariadb] name = MariaDB baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.4/fedora31-amd64 gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB gpgcheck=1 EOF
Fedora 29：
sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/mariad.repo<<EOF [mariadb] name = MariaDB baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.4/fedora29-amd64 gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB gpgcheck=1 EOF
在Fedora 32/31/30/29上安装MariaDB 10.4
现在在Fedora 32/31/30/29 Linux系统上安装MariaDB 10.4.
sudo dnf -y install MariaDB-server
以下是依赖关系树和要安装的软件包列表。
Dependencies resolved. =================================================================================================================================================== Package Architecture Version Repository Size =================================================================================================================================================== Installing: MariaDB-server x86_64 10.4.8-1.fc30 mariadb 25 M Installing dependencies: boost-program-options x86_64 1.69.0-9.fc31 fedora 161 k libaio x86_64 0.3.111-6.fc31 fedora 24 k lsof x86_64 4.93.2-2.fc31 fedora 240 k perl-Carp noarch 1.50-439.fc31 fedora 29 k perl-DBI x86_64 1.642-5.fc31 fedora 701 k perl-Data-Dumper x86_64 2.174-440.fc31 fedora 57 k perl-Digest noarch 1.17-439.fc31 fedora 24 k perl-Digest-MD5 x86_64 2.55-439.fc31 fedora 36 k perl-Encode x86_64 4:3.01-439.fc31 fedora 1.8 M perl-Errno x86_64 1.30-446.fc31 fedora 25 k perl-Exporter noarch 5.73-440.fc31 fedora 32 k perl-File-Path noarch 2.16-439.fc31 fedora 36 k perl-File-Temp noarch 1:0.230.900-439.fc31 fedora 60 k perl-Getopt-Long noarch 1:2.51-1.fc31 fedora 60 k perl-HTTP-Tiny noarch 0.076-439.fc31 fedora 55 k perl-IO x86_64 1.40-446.fc31 fedora 92 k perl-MIME-Base64 x86_64 3.15-439.fc31 fedora 30 k perl-Math-BigInt noarch 1:1.9998.16-439.fc31 fedora 185 k perl-Math-Complex noarch 1.59-446.fc31 fedora 57 k perl-Net-SSLeay x86_64 1.88-3.fc31 fedora 355 k perl-PathTools x86_64 3.78-439.fc31 fedora 86 k perl-Pod-Escapes noarch 1:1.07-439.fc31 fedora 20 k perl-Pod-Perldoc noarch 3.28.01-442.fc31 fedora 85 k perl-Pod-Simple noarch 1:3.39-2.fc31 fedora 214 k perl-Pod-Usage noarch 4:1.69-439.fc31 fedora 32 k perl-Scalar-List-Utils x86_64 3:1.52-439.fc31 fedora 66 k perl-Socket x86_64 4:2.029-4.fc31 fedora 56 k perl-Storable x86_64 1:3.15-441.fc31 fedora 97 k perl-Term-ANSIColor noarch 4.06-440.fc31 fedora 44 k perl-Term-Cap noarch 1.17-439.fc31 fedora 22 k perl-Text-ParseWords noarch 3.30-439.fc31 fedora 16 k perl-Text-Tabs+Wrap noarch 2013.0523-439.fc31 fedora 23 k perl-Time-Local noarch 2:1.280-439.fc31 fedora 32 k perl-URI noarch 1.76-5.fc31 fedora 108 k perl-Unicode-Normalize x86_64 1.26-439.fc31 fedora 97 k perl-constant noarch 1.33-440.fc31 fedora 23 k perl-interpreter x86_64 4:5.30.0-446.fc31 fedora 6.1 M perl-libnet noarch 3.11-440.fc31 fedora 117 k perl-libs x86_64 4:5.30.0-446.fc31 fedora 1.7 M perl-macros x86_64 4:5.30.0-446.fc31 fedora 21 k perl-parent noarch 1:0.237-439.fc31 fedora 14 k perl-podlators noarch 1:4.12-2.fc31 fedora 113 k perl-threads x86_64 1:2.22-439.fc31 fedora 58 k perl-threads-shared x86_64 1.60-440.fc31 fedora 44 k MariaDB-client x86_64 10.4.8-1.fc30 mariadb 11 M MariaDB-common x86_64 10.4.8-1.fc30 mariadb 81 k galera-4 x86_64 26.4.2-1.fc30.fc30 mariadb 14 M Installing weak dependencies: perl-IO-Socket-IP noarch 0.39-440.fc31 fedora 42 k perl-IO-Socket-SSL noarch 2.066-6.fc31 fedora 239 k perl-Mozilla-CA noarch 20160117-6.fc31 fedora 12 k Transaction Summary =================================================================================================================================================== Install 51 Packages Total download size: 64 M Installed size: 237 M Downloading Packages:
在Fedora 32/31/30/29上配置MariaDB服务
在Fedora 31/30/29上安装MariaDB 10.4之后，启动服务并将其设置为在系统引导时启动。
sudo systemctl enable --now mariadb
检查服务状态：
$systemctl status mariadb
● mariadb.service - MariaDB 10.4.8 database server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Drop-In: /etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service.d
└─migrated-from-my.cnf-settings.conf
Active: active (running) since Sun 2019-11-03 07:13:45 UTC; 8s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/systemd/
Process: 3671 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c systemctl unset-environment _WSREP_START_POSITION (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 3672 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c [ ! -e /usr/bin/galera_recovery ] && VAR= || VAR=`/usr/bin/galera_recovery`; [ $? -eq 0 ] && systemctl>
Process: 3712 ExecStartPost=/bin/sh -c systemctl unset-environment _WSREP_START_POSITION (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 3681 (mysqld)
Status: "Taking your SQL requests now..."
Tasks: 30 (limit: 2345)
Memory: 63.2M
CPU: 189ms
CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service
└─3681 /usr/sbin/mysqld
Nov 03 07:13:45 fed31.theitroad.local mysqld[3681]: 2019-11-03 7:13:45 0 [Note] InnoDB: 10.4.8 started; log sequence number 139827; transac>
Nov 03 07:13:45 fed31.theitroad.local mysqld[3681]: 2019-11-03 7:13:45 0 [Note] Plugin 'FEEDBACK' is disabled.
Nov 03 07:13:45 fed31.theitroad.local mysqld[3681]: 2019-11-03 7:13:45 0 [Note] InnoDB: Loading buffer pool(s) from /var/lib/mysql/ib_buffe>
Nov 03 07:13:45 fed31.theitroad.local mysqld[3681]: 2019-11-03 7:13:45 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.
Nov 03 07:13:45 fed31.theitroad.local mysqld[3681]: 2019-11-03 7:13:45 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 191103 7:13:45
Nov 03 07:13:45 fed31.theitroad.local mysqld[3681]: 2019-11-03 7:13:45 0 [Note] Reading of all Master_info entries succeeded
Nov 03 07:13:45 fed31.theitroad.local mysqld[3681]: 2019-11-03 7:13:45 0 [Note] Added new Master_info '' to hash table
Nov 03 07:13:45 fed31.theitroad.local mysqld[3681]: 2019-11-03 7:13:45 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections.
Nov 03 07:13:45 fed31.theitroad.local mysqld[3681]: Version: '10.4.8-MariaDB' socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 MariaDB Serv>
Nov 03 07:13:45 fed31.theitroad.local systemd[1]: Started MariaDB 10.4.8 database server.
加强MariaDB服务器安装。
$sudo mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
haven't set the root password yet, you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password or using the unix_socket ensures that nobody
can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation.
You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.
Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n] Y
Enabled successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.
Change the root password? [Y/n] Y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y
... Success!
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!
使用设置的root用户和密码来访问MariaDB shell：
$mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 19 Server version: 10.4.8-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
可以从数据库shell检查安装的版本。
MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT VERSION(); +----------------+ | VERSION() | +----------------+ | 10.4.8-MariaDB | +----------------+ 1 row in set (0.000 sec)
