Bash - /etc/profile，登录时过多的只读变量消息
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Bash - /etc/profile, excessive read only variable messages on login
提问by jonschipp
On Ubuntu Linux, with Bash, I have /etc/profile set with read-only variables on login. Here's my /etc/profile ( my additions are toward the bottom of this file ):
在 Ubuntu Linux 上，使用 Bash，我在登录时使用只读变量设置了 /etc/profile。这是我的 /etc/profile（我添加的内容在此文件的底部）：
# Check for interactive bash and that we haven't already been sourced.
[ -z "$BASH_VERSION" -o -z "$PS1" -o -n "$BASH_COMPLETION" ] && return
# Check for recent enough version of bash.
bash=${BASH_VERSION%.*}; bmajor=${bash%.*}; bminor=${bash#*.}
if [ $bmajor -gt 3 ] || [ $bmajor -eq 3 -a $bminor -ge 2 ]; then
if shopt -q progcomp && [ -r /etc/bash_completion ]; then
# Source completion code.
. /etc/bash_completion
fi
fi
unset bash bmajor bminor
# /etc/profile: system-wide .profile file for the Bourne shell (sh(1))
# and Bourne compatible shells (bash(1), ksh(1), ash(1), ...).
TZ='America/Kentucky/Louisville'; export TZ
if [ -d /etc/profile.d ]; then
for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh; do
if [ -r $i ]; then
. $i
fi
done
unset i
fi
if [ "$PS1" ]; then
if [ "$BASH" ]; then
PS1='\u@\h:\w$ '
if [ -f /etc/bash.bashrc ]; then
. /etc/bash.bashrc
fi
else
if [ "`id -u`" -eq 0 ]; then
PS1='# '
else
PS1='$ '
fi
fi
fi
**# My Additions**
umask 077
shopt -s histappend
shopt -s histverify
export HISTFILE=~/.bash_history
export HISTFILESIZE=1000000000
export HISTSIZE=5000
export HISTCONTROL=""
export HISTIGNORE=""
export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%F %T"
readonly HISTFILE
readonly HISTFILESIZE
readonly HISTSIZE
readonly HISTCONTROL
readonly HISTIGNORE
readonly HISTTIMEFORMAT
readonly HISTCMD
readonly HOME
readonly PATH
echo -e "Subject: Login from $(/usr/bin/whoami) on $(/bin/hostname) at $(/bin/date)\n\n$(/usr/bin/last -n 10 -F)\n" \
| /usr/sbin/ssmtp [email protected]
export PROMPT_COMMAND="${PROMPT_COMMAND:+$PROMPT_COMMAND ; }"'echo "$$ $USER $(history 1)"|/usr/bin/logger -p user.alert -t shell.log'
readonly PROMPT_COMMAND
And here is the bash_completion file that is located in /etc/profile.d:
这是位于 /etc/profile.d 中的 bash_completion 文件：
# Check for interactive bash and that we haven't already been sourced.
[ -z "$BASH_VERSION" -o -z "$PS1" -o -n "$BASH_COMPLETION" ] && return
# Check for recent enough version of bash.
bash=${BASH_VERSION%.*}; bmajor=${bash%.*}; bminor=${bash#*.}
if [ $bmajor -gt 3 ] || [ $bmajor -eq 3 -a $bminor -ge 2 ]; then
if shopt -q progcomp && [ -r /etc/bash_completion ]; then
# Source completion code.
. /etc/bash_completion
fi
fi
unset bash bmajor bminor
My problemis that when I login I am "flooded" with lots of bash messages before the prompt is delivered:
我的问题是，当我登录时，在发送提示之前，我被大量 bash 消息“淹没”：
....
-bash: PATH: readonly variable
-bash: PATH: readonly variable
-bash: PATH: readonly variable
-bash: PATH: readonly variable
-bash: HISTFILE: readonly variable
-bash: HISTFILESIZE: readonly variable
-bash: HISTSIZE: readonly variable
-bash: HISTCONTROL: readonly variable
-bash: HISTIGNORE: readonly variable
-bash: HISTTIMEFORMAT: readonly variable
-bash: PROMPT_COMMAND: readonly variable
My first questionis why is there so many PATH: readonly variable messages 15+ with full output? My second questionis how can I get stop these messages from displaying on login.
我的第一个问题是为什么有这么多 PATH: readonly variable messages 15+ with full output？我的第二个问题是如何阻止这些消息在登录时显示。
Thanks in advance for any help!
在此先感谢您的帮助！
回答by Paused until further notice.
Patient: "Doctor, it hurts when I do this."
Doctor: "Don't do that."
病人：“医生，我做这个的时候很痛。”
医生：“别这样。”
Don't set those variables as readonly.
不要将这些变量设置为只读。
The reason that you're getting those error messages is that those variables are being modified in files that execute after /etc/profile(e.g. ~/.bashrc).
您收到这些错误消息的原因是这些变量在之后执行的文件中被修改/etc/profile（例如~/.bashrc）。
